The number of antibacterial agents in clinical and preclinical development possessing activity against a narrow spectrum of bacterial pathogens is increasing, with many of them being nontraditional products. The key value proposition hinges on sparing antibiotic use and curtailing the emergence of resistance, as well as preventing the destruction of a beneficial microbiome, versus the immediate need for effective treatment of an active infection with a high risk of mortality. The clinical use of a targeted spectrum agent, most likely in combination with a rapid and robust diagnostic test, is a commendable goal with significant healthcare benefits if executed correctly. However, the path to achieving this will come with several challenges, and many scientific and clinical development disciplines will need to align their efforts to successfully change the treatment paradigm.

中文翻译：

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窄谱抗菌剂的优点和挑战。

具有针对窄谱细菌病原体活性的临床和临床前开发中的抗菌剂的数量正在增加，其中许多是非传统产品。关键的价值主张取决于减少抗生素的使用和减少耐药性的出现，以及防止有益微生物组的破坏，而眼前需要有效治疗具有高死亡风险的活动性感染。目标频谱剂的临床使用（极有可能与快速而强大的诊断测试结合使用）是值得赞扬的目标，如果执行得当，将具有重大的医疗保健优势。但是，实现这一目标的道路将面临一些挑战，