In natural ecosystems, plants appear to be in symbiosis with diverse fungal endophytes which can have impacts on plant communities. Paspalum is one of the most important grass genera in South American grasslands. The aim of this work was to determine the presence of fungal endophytes in two Paspalum species and evaluate their effects on plant growth. Sixty plant samples were collected for Paspalum notatum in a rangeland in northeastern Argentina, and the same number for Paspalum dilatatum in central Argentina. A triple‐sterilization process was carried out by submerging small pieces of leaves and stems for the isolation of fungi from the collected plants. In order to identify endophytes, morphological characters and fungal sequences corresponding to the ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) region were analysed. A total of eight genera were identified: Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Bipolaris, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium and Trichoderma. A greenhouse trial was conducted to determine the effects of fungal endophytes on growth. Trichoderma significantly increased relative chlorophyll content in P. notatum and Acremonium endophytes increased tiller number, and above‐ and below‐ground biomass in P. dilatatum. The diversity of fungal endophytes that was present in P. notatum and P. dilatatum was described. In conclusion, some aspects of growth of these Paspalum species seem to be positively affected by Trichoderma and Acremonium.

中文翻译：

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雀spa真菌内生菌多样性及其对植物生长的影响

在自然生态系统中，植物似乎与各种真菌内生菌共生，这可能对植物群落产生影响。Paspalum是南美草原上最重要的草属之一。这项工作的目的是确定两种雀spa属植物中真菌内生菌的存在，并评估其对植物生长的影响。在阿根廷东北部的牧场中收集了60种植物样品，用于Paspalum notatum，而同样数量的Paspalum dilatatum在阿根廷中部。通过浸没一小片叶子和茎进行三重灭菌过程，以便从收集的植物中分离出真菌。为了鉴定内生菌，分析了对应于ITS（内部转录间隔区）区域的形态特征和真菌序列。总共八个属的鉴定：枝顶，黑斑，黑，蠕，芽枝霉，镰刀菌，青霉菌和木霉。进行了温室试验以确定真菌内生菌对生长的影响。木霉属P. notatum的相对叶绿素含量显着增加，Acremonium内生植物增加了P. dilatatum的分er数以及地上和地下生物量。描述了P. notatum和P. dilatatum中存在的真菌内生菌的多样性。总而言之，这些木瓜属物种的某些生长方面似乎受到木霉和顶头孢霉菌的积极影响。