The abalone industry has suffered immense economic losses due to the occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Among the methods for mitigating HABs, modified clay is considered the most promising strategy and has been successfully used for field applications in many countries, and its environmental effects have become a subject of global concern. The effects of modified clay on the survival, growth, nutritional quality, and oxidative stress indicators of abalone were studied based on both laboratory and field experiments. The results showed that modified clay at 3–10 times the concentrations used for HAB treatment did not affect the survival of abalone. During the laboratory experiments, the increases in abalone shell length and weight nonsignificantly decreased with increasing concentrations of modified clay at 1–15 d, whereas the weight of abalone in the experimental groups increased rapidly during the recovery period at 16–30 d. The growth and nutrition qualities of abalone in field experiments showed negligible differences between the control and experimental groups. Catalase (CAT) activity in the hepatopancreas and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the gills were significantly affected by certain concentrations of modified clay at individual time points, whereas the malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased in all experimental groups within 96 h. The removal of bacteria and the mitigation of water quality decline were among the effects of modified clay that contributed to the decrease in MDA content. The present study showed that modified clay had no obvious adverse effects on the survival, growth, quality, or oxidative stress indicators of abalone at the experimental concentrations, thus providing a reference for the field application of modified clay in typical aquaculture areas. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2065–2075. © 2020 SETAC

中文翻译：

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基于实验室和田间试验的改性粘土对鲍鱼（Haliotis discus hannai）的影响

由于有害藻华的发生，鲍鱼产业遭受了巨大的经济损失。在减轻HAB的方法中，改性粘土被认为是最有前途的策略，并已在许多国家成功用于现场应用，其环境影响已成为全球关注的主题。在实验室和田间试验的基础上，研究了改性粘土对鲍鱼存活，生长，营养品质和氧化应激指标的影响。结果表明，改性粘土的浓度为HAB处理浓度的3-10倍，不会影响鲍鱼的存活。在实验室实验中，随着改性黏土浓度的升高，在1-15 d时，鲍鱼壳长度和重量的增加无明显减少，而实验组中鲍鱼的体重在恢复期的16-30 d迅速增加。在野外实验中，鲍鱼的生长和营养品质显示对照组和实验组之间的差异可忽略不计。在各个时间点，一定浓度的改性粘土会显着影响肝胰腺中的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和activity中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，而所有实验组中丙二醛（MDA）含量在96 h内均下降。细菌的去除和水质下降的缓解是改性粘土的作用，这些变化导致了MDA含量的下降。本研究表明，改性黏土对存活，生长，品质，Environ Toxicol Chem 2020； 39：2065-2075。©2020 SETAC