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History and recent development of multi-purpose utility tunnels
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology ( IF 6.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2020.103511 Y. Luo , A. Alaghbandrad , T.K. Genger , A. Hammad
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology ( IF 6.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2020.103511 Y. Luo , A. Alaghbandrad , T.K. Genger , A. Hammad
Abstract The density and unsustainable placement of buried utilities in the limited underground space lead to coordination issues between utility owners and increase the social costs because of repeated excavations. Multi-purpose utility tunnels (MUTs) integrate all utilities in one tunnel that can be easily accessed for inspection and maintenance activities, which can be conducted all-year-round irrespective of the weather conditions. MUTs reduce the need for repeated excavations for intervention activities, and consequently, lower the traffic congestion. This paper aims to conduct a historical review of the development of MUTs in different countries, the motivation and strategies of this development, financing and cost-sharing methods, and regulations and standards. Despite the high promises of MUTs as a sustainable and resilient option for infrastructure development, their recent implementation in Europe and North America is limited mainly because of the high initial cost. China is currently leading the development of MUTs in the world on a large scale because of the central government initiatives. It is hoped that this paper will encourage further research about the development of MUTs.
更新日期：2020-09-01
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