Delineating the neuropathological characteristics across psychiatric disorders is critical for understanding their pathophysiology. The purpose of this study was to investigate common and distinct brain functional abnormalities across psychiatric disorders by using functional stability, a recently developed dynamic functional connectivity approach. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from a transdisease sample of healthy controls (n = 115) and individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) (n = 47), bipolar disorder (BD) (n = 44), and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n = 40). Functional stability of each voxel was calculated by measuring the concordance of dynamic functional connectivity over time. Differences in functional stability among the four groups were assessed voxel-wisely. Compared to healthy controls, individuals with SZ demonstrated a distributed pattern of higher functional stability in the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus yet lower stability in the bilateral calcarine sulcus and left insula; individuals with BD only manifested local higher stability in the left inferior temporal gyrus; no differences were found between ADHD and healthy individuals. Notably, individuals with SZ and BD had common higher functional stability in the left inferior temporal gyrus, whereas higher functional stability in the right inferior temporal gyrus and lower stability in the bilateral calcarine sulcus and left insula were unique abnormalities in individuals with SZ. Additionally, direct comparisons between disorders revealed that individuals with SZ showed lower functional stability in the right calcarine sulcus compared to those with BD and higher stability in the left inferior temporal gyrus compared to those with ADHD. However, no significant associations between functional stability and clinical symptoms were observed. Our findings suggest that the functional stability approach has the potential to be extended to the domain of psychiatry and encourage further investigations of shared and unique neuropathology of psychiatric disorders.

描绘各种精神疾病的神经病理学特征对于理解其病理生理至关重要。这项研究的目的是通过使用功能稳定性（一种最近开发的动态功能连接方法）来研究各种精神疾病的常见和独特的脑功能异常。从健康对照（n = 115）和精神分裂症（SZ）（n = 47），双相情感障碍（BD）（n = 44）和注意缺陷/多动症（ADHD）（n = 40）。通过测量动态功能连接随时间的一致性来计算每个体素的功能稳定性。在体素方面评估了四组之间功能稳定性的差异。与健康对照相比，患有SZ的个体在双侧颞下回表现出较高的功能稳定性，而双侧钙cal沟和左岛状岛的稳定性较低的分布模式。BD患者仅在左下颞回中表现出局部较高的稳定性；在多动症和健康个体之间没有发现差异。值得注意的是，患有SZ和BD的个体在左下颞回具有共同的较高的功能稳定性，而在右下颞回具有较高的功能稳定性以及在双侧cal骨沟和左岛沟的较低稳定性是SZ的独特异常。另外，疾病之间的直接比较显示，与BD患儿相比，SZ患儿在右钙car沟中的功能稳定性较BD患儿低，左颞下回的稳定性较高。但是，没有观察到功能稳定性和临床症状之间的显着关联。我们的研究结果表明，功能稳定性方法有可能扩展到精神病学领域，并鼓励对精神疾病的共有和独特的神经病理学进行进一步研究。