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Accumulation and Release of Nutrients by Immersed Stalks Collected on Selected Dates Following Harvest
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s11270-020-04765-x
John E. Gilley , David B. Marx

The concentrations of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) in runoff from cropland areas may be influenced by accumulation and release of P and N by stalk residues. A laboratory study was conducted to measure the effects of time since harvest and immersion period on accumulation and release of P and N by corn, soybean, and wheat stalks. Experimental variables included type of stalk material (corn, soybean, and wheat), time since harvest (six residue collection dates over an approximate 1-year period), and stalk immersion period (25 s (0.42 min), 250 s (4.2 min), 2500 s (42 min), 25,000 s (6.9 h), and 86,400 s (24 h)). The initial concentration of each of the P and N constituents in a test solution was 6 μg mL−1. The soybean, wheat, and corn residue released PO4-P at mean rates of 40, 69, and 141 μg g−1 residue, respectively. The amount of PO4-P that was released consistently increased as immersion period became greater. Corn and wheat residue either accumulated or released NO3-N depending on residue collection date. Soybean residue accumulated an average of 20 μg NO3-N g−1 residue. Wheat residue obtained on five of the collection dates accumulated an average of 13 μg NO3-N g−1 residue. Residue collection date also influenced accumulation of NH4-N by soybean and wheat residue. Corn residue released an average of 77 μg NH4-N g−1 residue. The type of crop residue material, the amount of time the residue has remained in the field following harvest, and residue immersion period were found to influence nutrient concentrations of solution.



中文翻译:

收获后特定日期收集的浸入式茎秆积累和释放养分

耕地径流中磷(P)和氮(N)的浓度可能受秸秆残留物积累和释放磷和氮的影响。进行了一项实验室研究,以测量收获和浸泡时间以来的时间对玉米,大豆和小麦秸秆积累和释放磷和氮的影响。实验变量包括秸秆材料的类型(玉米,大豆和小麦),收获后的时间(大约一年内收集六个残渣的日期)以及秸秆浸泡时间(25 s(0.42分钟),250 s(4.2分钟))。 ),2500 s(42分钟),25,000 s(6.9小时)和86,400 s(24小时))。试验溶液中的P和N成分的初始浓度为6μgmL -1。大豆,小麦和玉米残留物释放出PO 4-P的平均残留率分别为40、69和141μgg -1。随着浸泡时间变长,释放出的PO 4 -P的量持续增加。玉米和小麦残留物积累或释放的NO 3 -N取决于残留物的收集日期。大豆残渣平均积累了20μgNO 3 -N g -1残渣。在五个采集日期获得的小麦残渣平均积累了13μgNO 3 -N g -1残渣。残留物的收集日期也影响了大豆和小麦残留物对NH 4 -N的积累。玉米残留物平均释放77μgNH 4 -N g -1残留物。发现农作物残渣材料的类型,残渣在收获后残留在田间的时间长短以及残渣的浸泡时间会影响溶液的养分浓度。

更新日期:2020-07-17
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