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Using neuronal extracellular vesicles and machine learning to predict cognitive deficits in HIV.
Journal of Neurovirology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s13365-020-00877-6
Lynn Pulliam 1, 2 , Michael Liston 2 , Bing Sun 2 , Jared Narvid 3
Affiliation  

Our objective was to predict HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) in HIV-infected people using plasma neuronal extracellular vesicle (nEV) proteins, clinical data, and machine learning. We obtained 60 plasma samples from 38 women and 22 men, all with HIV infection and 40 with HAND. All underwent neuropsychological testing. nEVs were isolated by immunoadsorption with neuron-specific L1CAM antibody. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), neurofilament light (NFL), and phosphorylated tau-181 (p-T181-tau) proteins were quantified by ELISA. Three different computational algorithms were performed to predict cognitive impairment using clinical data and nEV proteins. Of the 3 different algorithms, support vector machines performed the best. Applying 4 different models of clinical data with 3 nEV proteins, we showed that selected clinical data and HMGB1 plus NFL best predicted cognitive impairment with an area under the curve value of 0.82. The most important features included CD4 count, HMGB1, and NFL. Previous published data showed nEV p-T181-tau was elevated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and in this study, p-T181-tau had no importance in assessing HAND but may actually differentiate it from AD. Machine learning can access data without programming bias. Identifying a few nEV proteins plus key clinical variables can better predict neuronal damage. This approach may differentiate other neurodegenerative diseases and determine recovery after therapies are identified.



中文翻译:

使用神经元细胞外囊泡和机器学习来预测 HIV 的认知缺陷。

我们的目标是使用血浆神经元细胞外囊泡 (nEV) 蛋白、临床数据和机器学习来预测 HIV 感染者的 HIV 相关神经认知障碍 (HAND)。我们从 38 名女性和 22 名男性中获得了 60 份血浆样本,他们都感染了 HIV,40 名感染了 HAND。所有人都接受了神经心理学测试。通过使用神经元特异性 L1CAM 抗体进行免疫吸附分离 nEV。高迁移率组框 1 (HMGB1)、神经丝光 (NFL) 和磷酸化 tau-181 (p-T181-tau) 蛋白通过 ELISA 进行量化。使用临床数据和 nEV 蛋白进行了三种不同的计算算法来预测认知障碍。在 3 种不同的算法中,支持向量机的表现最好。将 4 种不同的临床数据模型应用于 3 种 nEV 蛋白,我们表明,选定的临床数据和 HMGB1 加 NFL 最能预测认知障碍,曲线下面积值为 0.82。最重要的功能包括 CD4 计数、HMGB1 和 NFL。先前公布的数据显示 nEV p-T181-tau 在阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 中升高,在本研究中,p-T181-tau 在评估 HAND 方面并不重要,但实际上可能将其与 AD 区分开来。机器学习可以在没有编程偏见的情况下访问数据。识别一些 nEV 蛋白加上关键的临床变量可以更好地预测神经元损伤。这种方法可以区分其他神经退行性疾病并确定治疗方法后的恢复。先前公布的数据显示 nEV p-T181-tau 在阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 中升高,在本研究中,p-T181-tau 在评估 HAND 方面并不重要,但实际上可能将其与 AD 区分开来。机器学习可以在没有编程偏见的情况下访问数据。识别一些 nEV 蛋白加上关键的临床变量可以更好地预测神经元损伤。这种方法可以区分其他神经退行性疾病并确定治疗方法后的恢复。先前公布的数据显示 nEV p-T181-tau 在阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 中升高,在本研究中,p-T181-tau 在评估 HAND 方面并不重要,但实际上可能将其与 AD 区分开来。机器学习可以在没有编程偏见的情况下访问数据。识别一些 nEV 蛋白加上关键的临床变量可以更好地预测神经元损伤。这种方法可以区分其他神经退行性疾病并确定治疗方法后的恢复。

更新日期:2020-07-17
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