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Factors Influencing Measure-based Adaptation of Rice Farmers for Slow-Onset Hazard: the Case of Saltwater Inundation in the Philippines and Vietnam
Environmental Management ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s00267-020-01332-2
Catherine Roween C Almaden 1 , Thanh Tung Diep 2 , Agnes C Rola 3 , Rowena D T Baconguis 3 , Juan M Pulhin 3 , Jose V Camacho 3 , Rico C Ancog 3
Affiliation  

This study sought to determine the factors influencing rice farmers’ adaptation to a slow-onset hazard such as saltwater inundation. The research is based on a survey conducted through personal interviews using Kobotool App consisting of 326 coastal rice farmers in Northern Mindanao, the Philippines and 258 rice farmers in two provinces in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam. There were four levels of analyses for the assessment of the feasibility of the adaptation measures implemented by the farmers. First, it classified adaptation measures into specific categories: technology based, farm-based crop management, ecosystem-based adaptation, off-farm income diversification, and other measures. Second, it developed a multi-criteria assessment tool on adaptation measures based on stakeholder analysis and expert judgment based on four major feasibility criteria. Third, it determined the level of adaptation based on the combination of measures and the feasibility of the chosen measures by constructing a measure-based adaptation index (MAI). Finally, it came up with a model showing the factors influencing the MAI of the farmers. The results revealed that adaptation takes place at different levels in the two countries based on the diversity of measures, the feasibility of the various measures, and the varying conditions of saltwater inundation. The empirical evidence provides systematic support for the hypothesis that adaptation measures are influenced by a confluence of social, institutional, and economic factors.

中文翻译:

影响稻农基于措施适应缓发灾害的因素:以菲律宾和越南的咸水淹没案例

本研究旨在确定影响稻农适应缓慢发生的灾害(如盐水淹没)的因素。该研究基于使用 Kobotool App 通过个人访谈进行的一项调查,调查对象包括菲律宾棉兰老岛北部的 326 名沿海稻农和越南湄公河三角洲两个省的 258 名稻农。评估农民实施的适应措施的可行性有四个层次的分析。首先,它将适应措施分为特定类别:基于技术的、基于农场的作物管理、基于生态系统的适应、非农收入多样化和其他措施。第二,它基于利益攸关方分析和基于四个主要可行性标准的专家判断,开发了一个关于适应措施的多标准评估工具。第三,通过构建基于措施的适应指数(MAI),根据措施的组合和所选措施的可行性来确定适应水平。最后,它提出了一个模型,显示了影响农民 MAI 的因素。结果表明,根据措施的多样性、各种措施的可行性以及咸水淹没条件的不同,两国在不同程度上进行了适应。经验证据为适应措施受社会、制度和经济因素共同影响的假设提供了系统支持。它通过构建基于度量的适应指数(MAI),根据措施的组合和所选措施的可行性来确定适应水平。最后,它提出了一个模型,显示了影响农民 MAI 的因素。结果表明,根据措施的多样性、各种措施的可行性以及咸水淹没条件的不同,两国在不同程度上进行了适应。经验证据为适应措施受社会、制度和经济因素综合影响的假设提供了系统支持。它通过构建基于措施的适应指数(MAI),根据措施的组合和所选措施的可行性来确定适应水平。最后,它提出了一个模型,显示了影响农民 MAI 的因素。结果表明,根据措施的多样性、各种措施的可行性以及咸水淹没条件的不同,两国在不同程度上进行了适应。经验证据为适应措施受社会、制度和经济因素共同影响的假设提供了系统支持。它提出了一个模型,显示了影响农民 MAI 的因素。结果表明,根据措施的多样性、各种措施的可行性以及咸水淹没条件的不同,两国在不同程度上进行了适应。经验证据为适应措施受社会、制度和经济因素共同影响的假设提供了系统支持。它提出了一个模型,显示了影响农民 MAI 的因素。结果表明,根据措施的多样性、各种措施的可行性以及咸水淹没条件的不同,两国在不同程度上进行了适应。经验证据为适应措施受社会、制度和经济因素共同影响的假设提供了系统支持。
更新日期:2020-07-17
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