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Managed honey bees as a radar for wild bee decline?
Apidologie ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s13592-020-00788-9
T. J. Wood , D. Michez , R. J. Paxton , M. Drossart , P. Neumann , M. Gérard , M. Vanderplanck , A. Barraud , B. Martinet , N. Leclercq , N. J. Vereecken

Wild and managed bees are essential for global food security and the maintenance of biodiversity. At present, the conservation of wild bees is hampered by a huge shortfall in knowledge about the trends and status of individual species mainly due to their large diversity and variation in life histories. In contrast, the managed Western honey bee Apis mellifera is one of the best studied and monitored insects in existence. Since similar drivers may be relevant for the decline of wild bees and losses of managed honey bees, this raises the possibility that monitoring of honey bees may help to detect threatened regions for wild bees, thereby fostering urgently required conservation measures. However, this possible relationship has not yet been explicitly tested for. Moreover, research currently focused on honey bees as a model species may yield important insights into wild insect susceptibility to stressors and vice versa. Here we use the bees of Europe as a model to show that managed honey bees are not suitable surrogates for detecting declines in wild bees. A direct comparison of the response of wild bees and honey bees to the same threats (nutritional deficiencies, parasites and pathogens, pesticides, and a changing climate) shows that, whilst some of their responses may be similar at the individual level, when considered at the reproductive level (individuals versus colonies), many of their responses diverge. These results reinforce the need for basic research into wild bee biology, the need for national monitoring schemes for wild bee populations, and the call for conservation actions tailored to the individual ecologies of wild bee species.

中文翻译:

管理蜜蜂作为野生蜜蜂衰退的雷达?

野生和受管理的蜜蜂对于全球粮食安全和生物多样性的维护至关重要。目前,野生蜜蜂的保护由于对单个物种的趋势和状态的认识严重不足而受到阻碍,这主要是由于它们的多样性和生活史的变化。相比之下,管理的西方蜜蜂蜜蜂是现存研究和监测最好的昆虫之一。由于类似的驱动因素可能与野生蜜蜂的减少和受管理的蜜蜂的损失有关,这增加了监测蜜蜂可能有助于发现野生蜜蜂受威胁区域的可能性,从而促进迫切需要的保护措施。但是,尚未明确测试这种可能的关系。而且,目前专注于蜜蜂作为模型物种的研究可能会对野生昆虫对压力源的易感性产生重要的见解,反之亦然。在这里,我们使用欧洲的蜜蜂作为模型来表明受管理的蜜蜂不是检测野生蜜蜂数量下降的合适替代品。野生蜜蜂和蜜蜂对相同威胁(营养缺乏、寄生虫和病原体、杀虫剂和气候变化)的反应的直接比较表明,虽然它们的一些反应在个体水平上可能相似,但在生殖水平(个体与群体),他们的许多反应是不同的。这些结果加强了对野生蜂生物学基础研究的需要,需要对野生蜂种群进行国家监测计划,
更新日期:2020-07-17
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