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Toxic effects of an organophosphate pesticide, envoy 50 SC on the histopathological, hematological, and brain acetylcholinesterase activities in stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis)
The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology Pub Date : 2020-07-16 , DOI: 10.1186/s41936-020-00184-w
Rabeya Akter , Mst Arzu Pervin , Halima Jahan , Sharmin Ferdewsi Rakhi , A. H. M. Mohsinul Reza , Zakir Hossain

Freshwater fish in Bangladesh are adversely affected by the washed off pesticides, used in agriculture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of a commonly used organophosphate pesticide on freshwater stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, which envisioned that the possible threats might occur by this organophosphate group to other species in the wild. To study the potential hazards of Envoy 50 SC on H. fossilis, fry of the fish were exposed to the acute toxicity tests. Changes in the hematological parameters, organ-specific histomorphologies, and brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were determined by treating the fish with agricultural recommended dose and below that dose of 0.015 and 0.0075 ppm, respectively. LC50 of Envoy 50 SC for the fish was determined as 0.151 (0.014–0.198) ppm. Pesticide abruptly altered the normal tissue structures of the gill, liver, and kidney. The major alterations included were the gill lamellae missing, gill clubbing, hyperplasia, nuclear hypertrophy, vacuolation, glomerular expansion, increasing diameter of the renal tubules, hemorrhage, necrosis, and pyknosis. In blood cells, changes observed in the peripheral nuclear erythrocyte were large lymphocyte, dead cell, fusion of the cells, binucleated cells, tear-shaped cells, ghost cells, senile cells, and abnormal structures of the cells. Significantly lower (P < 0.05) red blood cell (RBC) count and AChE activities in fish brain due to the pesticide exposure suggested the reasons of abrupt behavior, increased oxygen consumption, and fish mortality at higher concentration of this organophosphate pesticide. The presence of pesticides, even at low concentrations, caused deleterious effects on the earlier life stages of a comparatively harder and robust fish, suggesting a wider range effect on the more sensitive wild life, in particular decrease in survival in their native environment. Therefore, measures should be taken to minimize the risk of contamination of the aquatic environment by such toxic chemicals.

中文翻译:

有机磷杀虫剂的毒性作用,特使 50 SC 对刺鲶(Heteropneustes stoneis)的组织病理学、血液学和脑乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的影响

孟加拉国的淡水鱼受到农业中使用的杀虫剂的不利影响。本研究的目的是评估一种常用的有机磷农药对淡水刺鲶鱼 Heteropneustes Fosalis 的影响,它设想这种有机磷可能会对其他野生物种造成威胁。为了研究 Envoy 50 SC 对化石嗜血菌的潜在危害,对鱼苗进行了急性毒性试验。血液学参数、器官特异性组织形态学和脑乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 活性的变化是通过用农业推荐剂量和低于 0.015 和 0.0075 ppm 的剂量分别处理鱼来确定的。Envoy 50 SC 对鱼的 LC50 测定为 0.151 (0.014–0.198) ppm。杀虫剂突然改变了鳃、肝脏和肾脏的正常组织结构。主要改变包括鳃片缺失、鳃杵状指、增生、核肥大、空泡化、肾小球扩张、肾小管直径增大、出血、坏死和固缩。在血细胞中,外周核红细胞出现大淋巴细胞、死细胞、融合细胞、双核细胞、泪状细胞、鬼细胞、衰老细胞、细胞结构异常等变化。由于农药暴露,鱼脑中红细胞 (RBC) 计数和 AChE 活性显着降低 (P < 0.05),这表明在较高浓度的这种有机磷农药下会导致行为突然、耗氧量增加和鱼类死亡率。农药的存在,即使在低浓度下,也会对相对较硬和健壮的鱼的早期生命阶段造成有害影响,这表明对更敏感的野生生物的影响范围更广,尤其是在其原生环境中的存活率下降。因此,应采取措施将此类有毒化学品污染水生环境的风险降至最低。
更新日期:2020-07-16
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