While brown adipose tissue (BAT) is well‐recognized for its ability to dissipate energy in the form of heat, recent studies suggest multifaced roles of BAT in the regulation of glucose and lipid homeostasis beyond stimulating thermogenesis. One of the functions involves interorgan communication with metabolic organs, such as the liver, through BAT‐derived secretory factors, a.k.a., batokine. However, the identity and the roles of such mediators remain insufficiently understood. Here, we employed proteomics and transcriptomics in human thermogenic adipocytes and identified previously unappreciated batokines, including phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP). We found that increased circulating levels of PLTP, via systemic or BAT‐specific overexpression, significantly improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, increased energy expenditure, and decrease the circulating levels of cholesterol, phospholipids, and sphingolipids. Such changes were accompanied by increased bile acids in the circulation, which in turn enhances glucose uptake and thermogenesis in BAT. Our data suggest that PLTP is a batokine that contributes to the regulation of systemic glucose and lipid homeostasis as a mediator of BAT‐liver interorgan communication.

中文翻译：

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通过 PLTP 作为 BAT-肝脏通讯的介质调节葡萄糖和脂质稳态。

虽然棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 因其以热量形式耗散能量的能力而广为人知，但最近的研究表明，BAT 在调节葡萄糖和脂质稳态方面的作用不止是刺激产热。其中一项功能涉及通过 BAT 衍生的分泌因子（又名 batokine）与代谢器官（如肝脏）进行器官间交流。然而，人们对这些调解人的身份和作用仍知之甚少。在这里，我们在人类产热脂肪细胞中采用蛋白质组学和转录组学，并确定了以前未被重视的 batokine，包括磷脂转移蛋白 (PLTP)。我们发现通过全身或 BAT 特异性过表达增加 PLTP 的循环水平，显着改善葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素敏感性，增加能量消耗，并降低胆固醇、磷脂和鞘脂的循环水平。这种变化伴随着循环中胆汁酸的增加，这反过来又增强了 BAT 中的葡萄糖摄取和产热。我们的数据表明，PLTP 是一种 batokine，作为 BAT-肝脏器官间通讯的介质，有助于调节全身葡萄糖和脂质稳态。