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Application of microcosm experiments for quantifying lateral flow and evapotranspiration on recovering bog ecotypes
Hydrological Processes ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-16 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.13872
Michael M. Swenson 1 , Shane Regan 1 , Laurence W. Gill 1
Affiliation  

Abstract The importance of characterizing the ecohydrological interactions in natural, damaged/drained, and restored bogs is underscored by the importance of peatlands to global climate change and the growing need for peatland restoration. An understudied aspect of peatland ecohydrology is how shallow lateral flow impacts local hydrological conditions and water balance, which are critical for peatland restoration success. A novel method is presented using microcosms installed in the field to understand the dynamics of shallow lateral flow. Analysis of the difference in water table fluctuation inside and outside the microcosm experimental areas allowed the water balance to be constrained and the calculation of lateral flow and evapotranspiration. As an initial demonstration of this method, a series of four microcosm experiments were set up in locations with differing ecological quality and land management histories, on a raised bog complex in the midlands of Ireland. The timing and magnitude of the lateral flow differed considerably between locations with differing ecological conditions, indicating that shallow lateral flow is an important determining factor in the ecohydrological trajectory of a recovering bog system. For locations where Sphagnum spp. moss layer was present, a slow continuous net lateral input of water from the upstream catchment area supported the water table during drought periods, which was not observed in locations lacking Sphagnum. Consistent with other studies, evapotranspiration was greater in locations with a Spaghnum moss layer than in locations with a surface of peat soil.

中文翻译:

量化侧向流和蒸散量的微观实验在恢复沼泽生态型中的应用

摘要 泥炭地对全球气候变化的重要性以及对泥炭地恢复的日益增长的需求强调了表征自然、受损/排水和恢复沼泽中生态水文相互作用的重要性。泥炭地生态水文学的一个未充分研究的方面是浅层侧流如何影响当地水文条件和水平衡,这对泥炭地恢复成功至关重要。提出了一种使用安装在现场的微观世界来了解浅层侧流动力学的新方法。分析微观实验区内外的地下水位波动差异,可以约束水平衡,计算侧向流和蒸散量。作为此方法的初步演示,在爱尔兰中部的一个凸起的沼泽综合体上,在具有不同生态质量和土地管理历史的地点进行了一系列四个微观实验。不同生态条件的位置之间侧向流的时间和大小差异很大,表明浅层侧向流是恢复沼泽系统生态水文轨迹的重要决定因素。对于泥炭藓属植物的位置。存在苔藓层,上游集水区缓慢连续的净横向水输入在干旱期间支撑了地下水位,这在缺乏泥炭藓的地方没有观察到。与其他研究一致,有意大利面苔藓层的地方的蒸散量大于有泥炭土表面的地方。
更新日期:2020-08-16
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