The increasing usage of electrical vehicles (EVs) might not meet the safety requirement of massive hurricane evacuations, which may happen more frequently in the future climate. Here we investigate the challenge of widely using EVs for hurricane evacuation through analyzing the power demand during the vast historical evacuation before Hurricane Irma (2017). We find that, if the majority of the evacuating vehicles were EVs, Florida would face a serious challenge in power supply, with its six out of nine main power authorities, especially those in the mid-Florida, being short of power during the evacuation process. Also, the power outage in mid-Florida could induce cascading failure of the entire power network throughout Florida. We argue that policymakers need to consider the evacuation problem as EVs are increasingly adopted in disaster-prone regions. Potential solutions include developing centralized charging strategies, improving battery technology, and adopting hybrid vehicles in addition to EVs.

电动汽车（EV）的使用不断增加，可能无法满足大规模飓风撤离的安全要求，在未来的气候中，飓风会更频繁地撤离。在这里，我们通过分析飓风``艾尔玛''（2017年）之前的大规模历史疏散期间的电力需求，来研究广泛使用电动汽车进行飓风疏散的挑战。我们发现，如果大多数疏散车辆是电动汽车，佛罗里达州将面临电力供应方面的严峻挑战，在疏散过程中，九个主要电力管理机构中的六个，特别是佛罗里达州中部的电力主管部门，将面临电力短缺。同样，佛罗里达州中部的停电可能会导致整个佛罗里达州整个电网级联故障。我们认为，由于在易受灾地区越来越多地采用电动汽车，因此决策者需要考虑撤离问题。潜在的解决方案包括开发集中式充电策略，改进电池技术以及在电动汽车之外采用混合动力汽车。