Engineering microbial cell factories has been widely applied to produce compounds spanning from intricate natural products to bulk commodities. In each case, host robustness is essential to ensure the reliable and sustainable production of targeted metabolites. However, it can be negatively affected by metabolic burden, pathway toxicity, and harsh environment, resulting in a decreased titer and productivity. Enhanced robustness enables host to have better production performance under complicated growth circumstances. Here, we review current strategies for boosting host robustness, including metabolic balancing, genetic and phenotype stability enhancement, and tolerance engineering. In addition, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives on microbial host engineering for increased robustness.

工程微生物细胞工厂已被广泛应用于生产从复杂的天然产品到大宗商品的化合物。在每种情况下，宿主稳健性对于确保目标代谢物的可靠和可持续生产至关重要。然而，它可能会受到代谢负担、途径毒性和恶劣环境的负面影响，导致滴度和生产力下降。增强的健壮性使宿主在复杂的生长环境下具有更好的生产性能。在这里，我们回顾了当前提高宿主稳健性的策略，包括代谢平衡、遗传和表型稳定性增强以及耐受性工程。此外，我们讨论了微生物宿主工程以提高稳健性的挑战和未来前景。