In the present work, a series of sulfonic polymer-based acid catalyst PDS-x’s was obtained by hydrothermal method. The physical and chemical properties of the catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, pyridine-adsorbing IR, acid–base titration, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and CHNS elemental analysis. The carbonylation of formaldehyde was chosen as a probe reaction to test the catalytic performance. The results show that the content of acid sites and specific surface area can be adjusted by changing the molar ratio of sodium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate (SVBS) to divinylbenzene (DVB). The catalyst performance results show that the PDS-x’s can efficiently catalyze glycolic acid synthesis. And a high glycolic acid yield up to 96% was obtained on PDS-2.1 due to its large specific surface area, plentiful mesoporosity as well as suitable acid concentration. This data are even higher than those on super-strong CF₃SO₃H and commercial resin Amberlyst-15. Moreover, the carbonylation of formaldehyde is a structure-sensitive reaction, the isolated and monolayer dispersed -SO₃H is much more active than aggregated −SO₃H. Furthermore, the catalyst has high stability.

在本工作中，通过水热法获得了一系列磺酸聚合物基酸催化剂PDS-x。通过X射线衍射N ₂表征了催化剂的理化性质。吸附-解吸等温线，热重分析，傅立叶变换红外光谱仪，吡啶吸附红外光谱，酸碱滴定，X射线光电子能谱和CHNS元素分析。选择甲醛的羰基化作为探针反应以测试催化性能。结果表明，可以通过改变4-乙烯基苯磺酸钠（SVBS）与二乙烯基苯（DVB）的摩尔比来调节酸位和比表面积的含量。催化剂性能结果表明，PDS-x可以有效催化乙醇酸的合成。而且由于PDS-2.1的比表面积大，介孔率高以及合适的酸浓度，在PDS-2.1上获得高达96％的乙醇酸收率。该数据甚至比超强CF ₃上的数据还要高SO ₃ H和市售树脂Amberlyst-15。此外，甲醛的羰基化反应是结构敏感的反应，分离出的单层分散的-SO ₃ H比聚集的-SO ₃ H具有更高的活性。此外，该催化剂具有很高的稳定性。