Small‐seeded species struggle to establish in the understorey of closed‐canopy forests. We investigated the role tree ferns play in the establishment of small‐seeded tree species in New Zealand's temperate rainforest. We show that small‐seeded species are more likely to establish epiphytically on tree ferns than on the forest floor, especially the facultative hemiepiphyte Weinmannia racemosa.

中文翻译：

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兼性半附生作为小种子树种的补充策略

小种子物种努力在封闭的树冠林下层建立。我们调查了树蕨在新西兰温带雨林中小种子树种的建立中所起的作用。我们表明，小种子物种更可能在树蕨上比在森林地面上建立附生植物，尤其是兼性半附生植物 Weinmannia racemosa。