Human disturbance from tourism and other non‐consumptive activities in protected areas may be stressful to wildlife. Animals may move away in space or time to avoid human interaction. For species of particular conservation concern, such as Baird's tapirs (Tapirus bairdii) and jaguars (Panthera onca), a better understanding of how they respond to different levels and types of disturbance is needed in order to manage human visitation to parks in ways that minimize negative outcomes for wildlife. We describe the overlap in activity patterns of tapirs, jaguars, and humans at logged and unlogged sites and at places with low versus high human visitation using camera survey data from protected areas of NW Belize, 2013–2016. Tapirs were nocturnal in all study sites, with > 80% of all tapir detections occurring between 1900 hr and 0500 hr. Their activity patterns were not different in unlogged versus logged sites and did not change with increased human traffic. Jaguars were cathemeral across sites but had more nocturnal activity at the site with the most human impact. Activity pattern overlap between tapirs and jaguars did not differ significantly between logged and unlogged sites, nor between areas with low and high human activity. Human traffic increased from 2013 to 2016 at most of the study locations. In conclusion, this camera trap dataset suggests that non‐consumptive human disturbance does not alter the activity patterns of tapirs and jaguars in protected areas lacking hunting pressure.

中文翻译：

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西北伯利兹保护区的人为干扰以及of和美洲虎的活动模式和时间重叠

保护区旅游业和其他非消费性活动造成的人为干扰可能会给野生生物带来压力。动物可能会在空间或时间上移开以避免人类互动。对于特别需要保护的物种，例如Baird的tap（Tapirus bairdii）和美洲虎（Panthera onca），需要更好地了解它们如何应对不同程度和类型的干扰，以便以最小化对野生动植物的负面影响的方式管理人类对公园的游览。我们使用2013-2016年西北伯利兹保护区的相机调查数据，描述了logged木，美洲虎和人类在已采伐和未采伐地点以及人流量低到高的地方的活动模式的重叠。all在所有研究地点都是夜间活动，>检测中> 80％发生在1900小时至0500小时之间。在未登录站点和已登录站点中，他们的活动模式没有什么不同，并且不会随着人流量的增加而改变。美洲虎在各个地点都具有传播性，但在该地点夜间活动较多，对人类的影响最大。logged虫和美洲虎之间的活动模式重叠在采伐和未采伐的地点之间以及人类活动程度较低和较高的区域之间都没有显着差异。从2013年到2016年，大多数研究地点的人流量都增加了。总之，该相机陷阱数据集表明，非消耗性人为干扰不会改变缺乏狩猎压力的保护区中tap和美洲虎的活动方式。