Abstract Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) that belongs to the family Moraceae is an important fruit crop in Malaysia. The planting acreage of jackfruit especially cv. Tekam Yellow has increased by 17.08 % from 2014 until 2018. Jackfruit is highly nutritional with rich phytochemical composition where the flesh and seeds are used as a cooling tonic and as a remedy for overcoming the influence of alcohol in the body. The dietary fibres in jackfruit protect the colon mucous membrane by binding to and eliminating cancer causing chemicals from the colon. Despite the importance of jackfruit to human dietary, little is known about the growth and structural changes during the inflorescence and syncarp development of jackfruit. The study was conducted at a jackfruit commercial farm in Bukit Beruntung (latitude 3°25′32.7432 N; longitude 101°33′21.0240 E), Selangor, Malaysia from January to December 2017. A total of 120 inflorescences and 64 syncarps were used in this study with a randomized complete block design. The earliest phase of the inflorescence involves the development of the ovary and decision to abort or to proceed with further cell division and fruit development, known as syncarp set. In the second phase, the growth of syncarp involves primarily cell division. The third phase begins after cell division ceases. During this phase, syncarp growth continues, mostly by cell expansion, until the syncarp reaches its final size. This growth phase is more prominent and physiologically most significant because of the strong sink activity exerted by the expanding cells. Each stage of syncarp development is marked differently by its cellular activities. A comprehensive study on the phenology growth stage of jackfruit has been published by Kishore (2018) . However, the study on growth stage and changes in the cellular structure of jackfruit has yet to be published. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine growth stages and structural changes in the inflorescence and syncarp development of jackfruit cv. Tekam Yellow. Knowledge of cellular structure changes during the syncarp development is crucial especially for growers to apply proper cultivation practices at different growth stages according to industrial demands for optimum yields and profits.

中文翻译：

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马来西亚菠萝蜜品种的生长发育和结构变化。Tekam Yellow 同步果皮

摘要 菠萝蜜（Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.）属于桑科，是马来西亚重要的水果作物。菠萝蜜的种植面积尤其是 cv。Tekam Yellow 从 2014 年到 2018 年增加了 17.08 %。菠萝蜜营养丰富，含有丰富的植物化学成分，其果肉和种子被用作冷却补品和克服酒精对身体影响的补救措施。菠萝蜜中的膳食纤维通过结合并消除结肠中的致癌化学物质来保护结肠粘膜。尽管菠萝蜜对人类饮食很重要，但人们对菠萝蜜花序和合果皮发育过程中的生长和结构变化知之甚少。该研究是在 Bukit Beruntung（北纬 3°25'32.7432；经度 101°33'21）的一个菠萝蜜商业农场进行的。0240 E)，马来西亚雪兰莪州，2017 年 1 月至 12 月。本研究共使用 120 个花序和 64 个合心果，采用随机完整区组设计。花序的最早阶段涉及子房的发育以及中止或继续进行进一步细胞分裂和果实发育的决定，称为合心果组。在第二阶段，syncarp 的生长主要涉及细胞分裂。第三阶段在细胞分裂停止后开始。在这个阶段，合胞体继续生长，主要是通过细胞扩张，直到合胞体达到其最终大小。由于扩张细胞所施加的强汇活动，该生长期更为突出且在生理上最为显着。合胞体发育的每个阶段都以其细胞活动为标志。Kishore (2018) 发表了关于菠萝蜜物候生长阶段的综合研究。然而，关于菠萝蜜生长阶段和细胞结构变化的研究尚未发表。因此，本研究的目的是确定菠萝蜜 cv. 花序和合果皮发育的生长阶段和结构变化。特卡姆黄色。在合胞体发育过程中细胞结构变化的知识对于种植者来说至关重要，尤其是对于种植者根据工业需求在不同生长阶段应用适当的栽培方法以获得最佳产量和利润。本研究的目的是确定菠萝蜜 cv. 花序和合果皮发育的生长阶段和结构变化。特卡姆黄色。在合胞体发育过程中细胞结构变化的知识对于种植者来说至关重要，尤其是对于种植者根据工业需求在不同生长阶段应用适当的栽培方法以获得最佳产量和利润。本研究的目的是确定菠萝蜜 cv. 花序和合果皮发育的生长阶段和结构变化。特卡姆黄色。在合胞体发育过程中细胞结构变化的知识对于种植者来说至关重要，尤其是对于种植者根据工业需求在不同生长阶段应用适当的栽培方法以获得最佳产量和利润。