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Conflict management in rooks (Corvus frugilegus): Victims do not display post-conflict affiliation but avoid their former aggressor
Behavioural Processes ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104198
Aïcha Mohamed Benkada 1 , Florence Pontier 2 , Valérie Dufour 3
Affiliation  

Many social species use post-conflict behaviors to mitigate the consequences of conflicts. One of these behaviors is the victim's affiliation with its former opponent following conflict in an attempt to restore the damaged relationship. The victim can also affiliate with a third party. Affiliation with former opponents and third parties also alleviates stress. Studies of conflict management strategies in birds mostly concern corvids, and more specifically rooks (Corvus frugilegus). In this colonial pair-bonded species, the most valuable relationship is with the mate. It is rarely conflictual, meaning that there is generally no need for any post-conflict affiliation. However, conflicts occur with other social partners, and victims may primarily use third-party affiliation to avoid renewed aggression after conflicts. Previous studies in rooks failed to show a protective role of third-party affiliations for rook victims. The present study seeks to further investigate the use and efficiency of these conflict management strategies from the victim's perspective. We recorded conflicts and post-conflict behaviors in captive rooks using the standard post-conflict matched control comparison method. Victims did not affiliate with their former opponent or with third parties after conflict, but rather avoided their former aggressor, thus successfully limiting the risk of renewed aggression. Post-conflict affiliations are not observed in all rook colonies, suggesting that avoidance of the former aggressor may be a more commonly used strategy than previously thought.

中文翻译:

乌鸦的冲突管理(Corvus frugilegus):受害者不会表现出冲突后的从属关系,但会避开他们以前的侵略者

许多社会物种使用冲突后行为来减轻冲突的后果。其中一种行为是受害者在冲突后与其前对手建立联系,以试图恢复受损的关系。受害者还可以隶属于第三方。与前对手和第三方的联系也减轻了压力。鸟类冲突管理策略的研究主要涉及鸦科,更具体地说是乌鸦(Corvus frugilegus)。在这个殖民地配对物种中,最有价值的关系是与配偶的关系。它很少发生冲突,这意味着通常不需要任何冲突后隶属关系。然而,与其他社会伙伴发生冲突,受害者可能主要利用第三方从属关系来避免冲突后再次发生侵略。先前对黑手党的研究未能显示第三方机构对黑手党受害者的保护作用。本研究旨在从受害者的角度进一步调查这些冲突管理策略的使用和效率。我们使用标准的冲突后匹配控制比较方法记录了圈养车的冲突和冲突后行为。受害者在冲突后并不隶属于他们以前的对手或第三方,而是避开了他们以前的侵略者,从而成功地限制了再次侵略的风险。并非在所有白鸦殖民地都观察到冲突后的隶属关系,这表明避免前侵略者可能是比以前认为的更常用的策略。本研究旨在从受害者的角度进一步调查这些冲突管理策略的使用和效率。我们使用标准的冲突后匹配控制比较方法记录了圈养车的冲突和冲突后行为。受害者在冲突后不隶属于他们以前的对手或第三方,而是避开了他们以前的侵略者,从而成功地限制了再次侵略的风险。并非在所有白鸦殖民地都观察到冲突后的隶属关系,这表明避免前侵略者可能是比以前认为的更常用的策略。本研究旨在从受害者的角度进一步调查这些冲突管理策略的使用和效率。我们使用标准的冲突后匹配控制比较方法记录了圈养车的冲突和冲突后行为。受害者在冲突后并不隶属于他们以前的对手或第三方,而是避开了他们以前的侵略者,从而成功地限制了再次侵略的风险。并非在所有白鸦殖民地都观察到冲突后的隶属关系,这表明避免前侵略者可能是比以前认为的更常用的策略。我们使用标准的冲突后匹配控制比较方法记录了圈养车的冲突和冲突后行为。受害者在冲突后并不隶属于他们以前的对手或第三方,而是避开了他们以前的侵略者,从而成功地限制了再次侵略的风险。并非在所有白鸦殖民地都观察到冲突后的隶属关系,这表明避免前侵略者可能是比以前认为的更常用的策略。我们使用标准的冲突后匹配控制比较方法记录了圈养车的冲突和冲突后行为。受害者在冲突后并不隶属于他们以前的对手或第三方,而是避开了他们以前的侵略者,从而成功地限制了再次侵略的风险。并非在所有白鸦殖民地都观察到冲突后的隶属关系,这表明避免前侵略者可能是比以前认为的更常用的策略。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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