ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to determine the yield and silage characteristics of maize hybrids (Burak, Efe and Şafak) under different irrigation levels designated as no irrigation (I₀), irrigated 25% (I₁), 50% (I₂), 75% of I₄ treatment (I₃), and fully irrigated treatment (I₄), irrigated when 40% of available water content consumed, in drainage-type lysimeters in 2012 and 2013. The results showed that irrigation treatments have a statistically significant effect on yield, dry matter, organic matter and protein content and silage quality components. The maximum fresh yield (86,238 kg ha⁻¹ in 2012 and 90,063 kg ha⁻¹ in 2013) was obtained from Burak hybrid I₄ treatment. Irrigation amounts ranged from 100 to 721 mm in 2012 and from 105 to 712 mm in 2013. The treatments resulted in seasonal evapotranspiration of 190–746 mm and 208–751 mm in 2012 and 2013, respectively. On average, the highest water-use efficiency was found in I₁ as 150.0 kg ha⁻¹ mm⁻¹ for Şafak hybrid, and the lowest one was found in I₄ as 107.6 kg ha⁻¹ mm⁻¹ for Efe hybrid. Additionally, the lowest yield-response factor (0.81) was obtained from Şafak hybrid. It was concluded that Şafak hybrid is the most tolerant hybrid to water stress.

摘要

该研究的目的是确定不同灌溉水平下的玉米杂交种（Burak、Efe 和 Şafak）的产量和青贮特性，这些灌溉水平指定为无灌溉 (I ₀ )、灌溉 25% (I ₁ )、50% (I ₂ ) , 75% 的 I ₄处理 (I ₃ ) 和完全灌溉处理 (I ₄ )，在 40% 的可用水分消耗时灌溉，在 2012 年和 2013 年排水型蒸渗仪。 结果表明，灌溉处理具有统计学意义对产量、干物质、有机质和蛋白质含量以及青贮质量成分有显着影响。最大新鲜产量（2012 年86,238 kg ha ^-1和 90,063 kg ha ^-12013 年）是从 Burak 杂交 I ₄处理中获得的。2012 年灌溉量为 100 至 721 毫米，2013 年为 105 至 712 毫米。这些处理导致 2012 年和 2013 年的季节性蒸散量为 190-746 毫米和 208-751 毫米。平均而言，I ₁的最高用水效率为 150.0 kg ha ^-1  mm ^-1 Şafak 杂种，最低的 I ₄发现为 107.6 kg ha ^-1  mm ^-1 Efe 杂种。此外，最低的产量响应因子 (0.81) 来自 Şafak 杂种。得出的结论是，Şafak 杂种是对水分胁迫最耐受的杂种。