In this study, iron carbide nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by the plasma‐based method using a gas aggregation source of NPs. In‐flight plasma treatment of the NPs was performed to improve their temporal stability. The auxiliary radiofrequency plasma used for the in‐flight treatment resulted in trapping of the NPs in the plasma for several 10s of seconds. Scanning electron microscopy and small‐angle X‐ray scattering analyses showed a decrease in the size of NPs due to the plasma treatment, whereas the X‐ray diffraction analysis showed that the structure of the NPs changed from amorphous iron carbide to the crystalline Fe₃C (cementite). In situ and ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement confirmed better temporal stability of plasma‐treated NPs against oxidation.

中文翻译：

---

基于等离子体的碳化铁纳米粒子合成

在这项研究中，使用基于NPs的气体聚集源，通过基于等离子体的方法制备了碳化铁纳米颗粒（NPs）。对NP进行飞行中等离子体处理以改善其时间稳定性。机上治疗中使用的辅助射频等离子体导致血浆中NP的捕获持续了数十秒。扫描电子显微镜和小角度X射线散射分析表明，由于等离子体处理，NPs的尺寸减小，而X射线衍射分析表明，NPs的结构从无定形的碳化铁变为了结晶的Fe _3。 C（钙铝石）。原位和异位X射线光电子能谱测量结果证实，经过等离子体处理的NP具有更好的抗氧化的时间稳定性。