Sunlight-driven photocatalytic water splitting is one of the most promising approaches to generating renewable hydrogen as an energy source. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of photocatalytic water-splitting systems. Among these, the one- and two-step-excitation overall water-splitting processes are most widely investigated. Realization of visible-light-driven overall water splitting is one of the most important goals at present because of the need to obtain systems exhibiting high solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency for practical applications. The present review focuses on recent progress in the field of photocatalytic water splitting, especially in the research and design of visible-light-driven overall water-splitting systems, and outlines potential strategies to overcome the difficulties related to practical applications.

阳光驱动的光催化水分解是产生可再生氢作为能源的最有希望的方法之一。近年来，在光催化水分解系统的开发方面已取得重大进展。其中，对一步和两步激发的总水分解过程进行了最广泛的研究。可见光驱动的总水分解的实现是当前最重要的目标之一，因为需要获得在实际应用中具有高太阳能到氢能转换效率的系统。本综述着重介绍光催化水分解领域的最新进展，尤其是在可见光驱动的整体水分解系统的研究和设计中，