OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the association between dietary fat intake and risk of uterine fibroids; and to evaluate the association between erythrocyte membrane fatty acid (FA) levels and fibroid risk. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval (CI). In a subset of participants 34 individual FAs were measured and logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI for the association between FA tertiles and fibroids. SETTING Not applicable. PATIENT(S) Premenopausal US women (81,590) in the Nurses' Health Study II, aged 25-42 years at enrollment in 1989 for whom diet was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. A total of 553 participants with erythrocyte FA measurements. INTERVENTION(S) Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Cases of fibroids were defined on the basis of self-reported ultrasound or hysterectomy confirmation. RESULT(S) A total of 8,142 cases of ultrasound-confirmed or hysterectomy-confirmed were diagnosed during an 18-year period (1991-2009). No associations were observed between intake of any dietary fats and fibroids in the multivariable models. However, when erythrocyte FAs were examined, an inverse association was observed between total n-3 polyunsaturated FAs and likelihood of fibroids (OR for third versus first tertile, 0.41; 95% CI 0.19-0.89). In addition, total trans FAs were associated with more odds of fibroids (OR for third tertile, 3.33; 95% CI 1.50-7.38). CONCLUSION(S) Our findings provide preliminary suggestions that n-3 polyunsaturated FAs and trans FAs may play a role in fibroid etiology; however, these results should be confirmed in future studies.

中文翻译：

---

膳食脂肪摄入量、红细胞脂肪酸和子宫肌瘤的风险

目的 前瞻性评估膳食脂肪摄入量与子宫肌瘤风险之间的关联；并评估红细胞膜脂肪酸 (FA) 水平与肌瘤风险之间的关联。设计前瞻性队列研究。Cox 比例风险模型用于计算风险比和 95% 置信区间 (CI)。在参与者的一个子集中，测量了 34 个单独的 FA，并使用逻辑回归分析来估计 FA 三分位数和肌瘤之间关联的比值比 (OR) 和 95% CI。设置 不适用。患者 护士健康研究 II 中的绝经前美国女性 (81,590)，在 1989 年登记时年龄为 25-42 岁，通过食物频率问卷评估其饮食。共有 553 名参与者进行了红细胞 FA 测量。干预（S） 不适用。主要结局指标 根据自我报告的超声或子宫切除术确认确定肌瘤病例。结果 在 18 年期间（1991-2009 年）共诊断出 8,142 例超声确诊或子宫切除术确诊病例。在多变量模型中，没有观察到任何膳食脂肪的摄入与肌瘤之间存在关联。然而，当检查红细胞 FA 时，观察到总 n-3 多不饱和 FA 与肌瘤可能性之间呈负相关（第三与第一三分位数的 OR，0.41；95% CI 0.19-0.89）。此外，总反式脂肪酸与更多的肌瘤几率相关（第三个三分位数的 OR，3.33；95% CI 1.50-7.38）。结论（S）我们的研究结果提供了初步建议，即 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸和反式脂肪酸可能在肌瘤病因学中发挥作用；然而，