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Error and post-error processing in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: an electrical neuroimaging study
Clinical Neurophysiology ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.06.022
T W P Janssen 1 , N van Atteveldt 1 , J Oosterlaan 2
Affiliation  

OBJECTIVE Inaccurate and inconsistent response styles in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been observed in a wide variety of cognitive tasks, in line with regulatory deficit models of ADHD. Event-related potential (ERP) studies of error processing have provided evidence for these models, but are limited in specificity. We aimed to improve the isolation, localization and identification of error (self-monitoring and adaptive control) and post-error (implementation of cognitive control) processing in ADHD. METHODS ERPs were obtained for 46 ADHD and 51 typically developing (TD) children using the stop-signal task. Response-locked error (Ne and Pe) and stimulus-locked post-error (N2) components were compared between groups. Ne/Pe were corrected for preceding stimulus overlap and group differences were localized. RESULTS Ne was intact, while Pe amplitude was markedly reduced in children with ADHD (ηp2 = 0.14). Pe differences were localized in the dorsal posterior/midcingulate (BA31/24) cortex. While the TD group showed increased N2 amplitude in post-error trials (ηp2 = 0.24), localized in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and angular gyrus, the ADHD group did not. CONCLUSIONS Self-regulation deficits in ADHD are associated with later stages of error processing and subsequent implementation of cognitive control. SIGNIFICANCE We contribute to the literature by further specifying error processing deficits in ADHD.

中文翻译:

注意缺陷/多动障碍儿童的错误和错误后处理:一项电神经影像学研究

目标 在注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 中,根据 ADHD 的调节缺陷模型,在各种认知任务中都观察到了不准确和不一致的反应方式。错误处理的事件相关电位 (ERP) 研究为这些模型提供了证据,但其特异性有限。我们旨在改进 ADHD 中错误(自我监控和自适应控制)和错误后(认知控制的实施)处理的隔离、定位和识别。方法 使用停止信号任务获得 46 名 ADHD 和 51 名典型发育 (TD) 儿童的 ERP。比较了组间响应锁定错误(Ne 和 Pe)和刺激锁定后错误 (N2) 组件。Ne/Pe 被纠正先前的刺激重叠和组差异被定位。结果 Ne 完好无损,而 ADHD 儿童的 Pe 振幅显着降低(ηp2 = 0.14)。Pe 差异位于背侧后/中扣带回 (BA31/24) 皮层。虽然 TD 组在错误后试验中显示出 N2 幅度增加(ηp2 = 0.24),定位于左腹外侧前额叶皮层 (VLPFC) 和角回,但 ADHD 组没有。结论 ADHD 的自我调节缺陷与错误处理的后期阶段和认知控制的后续实施有关。意义我们通过进一步指定 ADHD 中的错误处理缺陷来为文献做出贡献。虽然 TD 组在错误后试验中显示出 N2 幅度增加(ηp2 = 0.24),定位于左腹外侧前额叶皮层 (VLPFC) 和角回,但 ADHD 组没有。结论 ADHD 的自我调节缺陷与错误处理的后期阶段和认知控制的后续实施有关。意义我们通过进一步指定 ADHD 中的错误处理缺陷来为文献做出贡献。虽然 TD 组在错误后试验中显示出增加的 N2 幅度(ηp2 = 0.24),位于左腹外侧前额叶皮层 (VLPFC) 和角回,但 ADHD 组没有。结论 ADHD 的自我调节缺陷与错误处理的后期阶段和认知控制的后续实施有关。意义我们通过进一步指定 ADHD 中的错误处理缺陷来为文献做出贡献。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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