After briefly presenting the first formulation of the equilibrium constant stated by Guldberg and Waage, this study examines the early thermodynamic and kinetic deductions of the equilibrium law. Firstly, it is discussed how Horstmann applied the concept of entropy to chemical equilibrium reactions, which meant the first thermodynamic explanation of the Guldberg-Waage law of mass action proposed in 1864. A different theoretical derivation of the equilibrium constant came from the works of van’t Hoff. This study analyses the first accurate kinetic treatment of equilibrium reactions as well as van’t Hoff’s imaginative thermodynamic foundation of the constant ratios in chemical equilibrium systems.

中文翻译：

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关于平衡常数方程的早期热力学和动力学推导

在简要介绍了 Guldberg 和 Waage 所述的平衡常数的第一个公式之后，本研究检查了平衡定律的早期热力学和动力学推论。首先，讨论了 Horstmann 如何将熵的概念应用于化学平衡反应，这意味着对 1864 年提出的 Guldberg-Waage 质量作用定律的第一个热力学解释。 平衡常数的不同理论推导来自 van不是霍夫。本研究分析了平衡反应的第一个精确动力学处理以及范特霍夫关于化学平衡系统中恒定比率的富有想象力的热力学基础。