A method is proposed that allows one to infer the sum of the values of an observable taken during contacts with a pointer state. Hereby, the state of the pointer is updated while contacted with the system and remains unchanged between contacts while the system evolves in time. After a prescribed number of such contacts, the position of the pointer is determined by means of a projective measurement. The outcome is specified in terms of a probability distribution function for unitary and Markovian dissipative dynamics and compared with the results of the same number of generalized Gaussian measurements of the considered observable. As a particular example, a qubit is considered with an observable contacting to the pointer that does not commute with the system Hamiltonian.

中文翻译：

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和的量子测量

提出了一种方法，该方法允许推断在与指针状态接触期间所获取的可观察值的总和。因此，指针的状态在与系统接触时被更新，并且在系统随时间变化时在接触之间保持不变。在规定数量的这种接触之后，通过投影测量来确定指示器的位置。根据一元和马尔可夫耗散动力学的概率分布函数来指定结果，并将结果与​​相同数量的被认为是可观测的广义高斯测量的结果进行比较。作为一个特定的例子，一个量子位被认为与不与系统哈密顿量相通的指针具有可观察的接触。