SummaryInvasive alien plant species (IAPS) are spreading into protected areas worldwide; however, knowledge of these invasions and their impacts in Nepal’s protected areas is poor. Here, the spatial distribution pattern of IAPS in Bardia National Park (BNP), Nepal, was analysed using roadside surveys and grid sampling. The impacts of the most abundant IAPS, Lantana camara, on plant communities were analysed by comparing 60 pairs of non-invaded and invaded quadrats. Twelve IAPS, including two of the most prolific species globally, L. camara and Chromolaena odorata, were recorded from BNP. The Karnali floodplain in the south-western region of the park, a prime habitat of one-horned rhinoceros, was highly invaded by the IAPS. Tree canopy and distance to road, river and settlement were the major factors affecting IAPS occurrence. Lantana camara modified plant community structure and significantly reduced plant species richness and diversity; species richness of native plants was reduced to less than half in invaded plots. Plant invasions and impacts on native plant diversity have been increasing in BNP. We recommend management interventions involving immediate eradication of C. odorata and other species with single satellite populations and control measures for other widespread species such as L. camara and Ageratum houstonianum.

中文翻译：

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尼泊尔西部巴迪亚国家公园外来入侵植物物种的分布和影响

摘要外来入侵植物物种 (IAPS) 正在全球范围内蔓延到保护区；然而，人们对这些入侵及其对尼泊尔保护区的影响知之甚少。在这里，使用路边调查和网格抽样分析了尼泊尔巴迪亚国家公园 (BNP) 的 IAPS 空间分布模式。最丰富的 IAPS 的影响，马缨丹, 通过比较 60 对非入侵和入侵样方对植物群落进行了分析。十二个 IAPS，包括全球最多产的两个物种，L. camara和青花菜, 是从 BNP 记录的。位于公园西南部的 Karnali 泛滥平原是独角犀牛的主要栖息地，受到 IAPS 的高度入侵。树冠以及与道路、河流和居民点的距离是影响IAPS发生的主要因素。马缨丹改变植物群落结构并显着降低植物物种的丰富度和多样性；在被入侵的地块中，本地植物的物种丰富度减少到不到一半。BNP中植物入侵和对本地植物多样性的影响一直在增加。我们建议采取管理干预措施，包括立即根除C. odorata和其他具有单一卫星种群的物种以及对其他分布广泛的物种的控制措施，例如L. camara和藿香.