ABSTRACT Recent research has shown that from early in development, children selectively form new beliefs in response to information supplied by others. However, little is known about the development of selective revision of existing beliefs in response to socially conveyed information. Such selective social belief revision has been extensively studied by social psychologists in the context of advice-taking. Here, we adapted the methods of this research tradition for studying selective advice-taking in young children and adults. Participants solved a perceptual judgment task, received advice, and subsequently made final decisions. The informational access (perceptual quality) of participants and advisor were experimentally manipulated. Adults revised their judgments systematically as a function of both their own and the advisor’s informational access whereas children based their adjustments only on their own informational access. Two follow-up experiments suggest, however, that this pattern of results in children reflected performance rather than competence limitations: In suitably modified tasks, children did proficiently consider both their own informational situation and that of the advisor in their selective social belief revision.

中文翻译：

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幼儿的选择性社会信仰修正

摘要 最近的研究表明，从早期发展开始，儿童会根据他人提供的信息选择性地形成新的信念。然而，对于响应社会传递的信息，对现有信念的选择性修正的发展知之甚少。社会心理学家在接受建议的背景下对这种选择性的社会信念修正进行了广泛的研究。在这里，我们采用了这一研究传统的方法来研究幼儿和成人的选择性建议。参与者解决了感性判断任务，接受了建议，并随后做出了最终决定。参与者和顾问的信息访问（感知质量）是通过实验操纵的。成人根据他们自己和顾问的信息访问系统地修改他们的判断，而儿童仅根据他们自己的信息访问进行调整。然而，两项后续实验表明，儿童的这种结果模式反映的是表现而不是能力限制：在适当修改的任务中，儿童在选择性社会信念修正时确实熟练地考虑了他们自己的信息情况和顾问的信息情况。