OBJECTIVE To test the association between exposure to perinatal inflammation - i.e. clinical chorioamnionitis or early-onset neonatal infection - in preterm children without severe neonatal brain injury and neurodevelopmental outcome at 30 months of corrected age (CA). DESIGN Cross-sectional study from a French regional cohort of clinical follow-up (SEVE Network). PATIENTS One hundred sixty-four surviving neonates without severe brain injury - namely, grade III and IV cerebral hemorrhage and cystic periventricular leukomalacia - and without late-onset neonatal inflammation exposure - namely, late-onset neonatal infection and necrotizing enterocolitis -, born at less than 33 weeks of gestational age from November 2011 to June 2015 and enrolled in the SEVE Network. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Global developmental quotient (DQ) score of the revised Brunet-Lézine scale and its four indices measured by the same neuropsychologist at 30 months of CA. RESULTS After multivariate analysis, exposure to perinatal inflammation was not found significantly associated with a modification of the global DQ score (coefficient -1.7, 95% CI -4.8 to 1.3; p = 0.26). Exposure to perinatal inflammation was associated with a decrease of the gross motor function DQ score (coefficient -6.0, 95% CI -9.9 to -2.1; p < 0.01) and a decrease of the sociability DQ score (coefficient -5.1, 95% CI -9.2 to -0.9; p = 0.02). Language and visuospatial coordination DQ scores were not affected by exposure to perinatal inflammation. CONCLUSION Exposure to perinatal inflammation in preterm children without severe neonatal brain injury is independently associated with decreased motor and social abilities at 30 months of CA.

中文翻译：

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围产期炎症与没有严重新生儿脑损伤的早产儿的社交和运动障碍有关

目的 测试在没有严重新生儿脑损伤的早产儿中暴露于围产期炎症（即临床绒毛膜羊膜炎或早发性新生儿感染）与 30 个月矫正年龄 (CA) 神经发育结果之间的关联。设计 法国区域临床随访队列（SEVE Network）的横断面研究。患者 164 名存活的新生儿没有严重脑损伤——即 III 级和 IV 级脑出血和囊性脑室周围白质软化——并且没有迟发性新生儿炎症暴露——即迟发性新生儿感染和坏死性小肠结肠炎——出生时较少2011 年 11 月至 2015 年 6 月孕龄超过 33 周并加入 SEVE 网络。主要结果测量 同一神经心理学家在 CA 30 个月时测量的经修订的 Brunet-Lézine 量表及其四个指数的全球发展商数 (DQ) 评分。结果 多变量分析后，未发现暴露于围产期炎症与整体 DQ 评分的修改显着相关（系数 -1.7，95% CI -4.8 至 1.3；p = 0.26）。暴露于围产期炎症与粗大运动功能 DQ 评分降低（系数 -6.0，95% CI -9.9 至 -2.1；p < 0.01）和社交性 DQ 评分降低（系数 -5.1，95% CI）相关-9.2 到 -0.9；p = 0.02)。语言和视觉空间协调 DQ 评分不受围产期炎症的影响。