Berry fruits are well recognized for health-promoting constituents due to their properties of free radical scavengers which confer antioxidant activity against cellular oxidation reactions. Elderberry fruit contains one of the highest levels of anthocyanins. The objective of this work was to evaluate the storage stability of total monomeric anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-glucoside (one of two major anthocyanins in elderberry), and color parameters in freeze-dried elderberry encapsulated with a low proportion of different carriers (Maltodextrin, Capsul™, Promitor ™, and κ-carrageenan). Encapsulated samples were stored at two different water activities (aw) 0.10-0.20 and 0.43 at 38 ℃ for 90 days and evaluated for the content of monomeric anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-glucoside, color parameters, and physical characteristics. Freeze-dried powders remained free-flowing during storage at 38 ℃ with aw 0.12-0.20, but agglomeration occurred at aw = 0.43. Total anthocyanins and color parameter a* (redness) remained unchanged during storage at the lower aw. Glass transition temperatures (Tg) were determined and mostly correlated with observed physical phenomena. The powders had a very high total monomeric anthocyanin contents as high as 13 mg/g (cyanidin-3-glucoside). The addition of encapsulants in low proportions allowed the researchers to obtain elderberry powders with a very high concentration of total monomeric anthocyanins. aw plays a key role in all stability parameters studied.

中文翻译：

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使用低比例包封剂的冻干接骨木果肉中花青素的储存稳定性

浆果因其具有自由基清除剂的特性而被公认为促进健康的成分，这些自由基清除剂赋予抗氧化活性以对抗细胞氧化反应。接骨木果实含有最高水平的花青素之一。这项工作的目的是评估总单体花青素、花青素-3-葡萄糖苷（接骨木中两种主要花青素之一）的储存稳定性，以及用低比例不同载体（麦芽糊精、 Capsul™、Promitor™ 和 κ-角叉菜胶）。封装后的样品在两种不同的水分活度 (aw) 0.10-0.20 和 0.43 下在 38 ℃ 下储存 90 天，并评估单体花青素、花青素-3-葡萄糖苷的含量、颜色参数和物理特性。冻干粉末在 38 ℃ 储存期间保持自由流动，aw 为 0.12-0.20，但在 aw = 0.43 时发生结块。在较低的 aw 下储存期间，总花青素和颜色参数 a*（红色）保持不变。玻璃化转变温度 (Tg) 被确定并且主要与观察到的物理现象相关。这些粉末的单体花青素总含量非常高，高达 13 毫克/克（花青素-3-葡萄糖苷）。添加低比例的封装剂使研究人员能够获得具有非常高浓度的总单体花青素的接骨木果粉。aw 在研究的所有稳定性参数中都起着关键作用。玻璃化转变温度 (Tg) 被确定并且主要与观察到的物理现象相关。这些粉末的单体花青素总含量非常高，高达 13 毫克/克（花青素-3-葡萄糖苷）。添加低比例的封装剂使研究人员能够获得具有非常高浓度的总单体花青素的接骨木果粉。aw 在研究的所有稳定性参数中都起着关键作用。玻璃化转变温度 (Tg) 被确定并且主要与观察到的物理现象相关。这些粉末的单体花青素总含量非常高，高达 13 毫克/克（花青素-3-葡萄糖苷）。添加低比例的封装剂使研究人员能够获得具有非常高浓度的总单体花青素的接骨木果粉。aw 在研究的所有稳定性参数中都起着关键作用。