The MutL family of DNA mismatch repair proteins plays a critical role in excising and repairing misincorporation errors during DNA replication. In many eukaryotes, members of this family have evolved to modulate and resolve recombination intermediates into crossovers during meiosis. In these organisms, such functions promote the accurate segregation of chromosomes during the meiosis I division. What alterations occurred in MutL homolog (MLH) family members that enabled them to acquire these new roles? In this review, we present evidence that the yeast Mlh1–Mlh3 and Mlh1–Mlh2 complexes have evolved novel enzymatic and nonenzymatic activities and protein–protein interactions that are critical for their meiotic functions. Curiously, even with these changes, these complexes retain backup and accessory roles in DNA mismatch repair during vegetative growth.

中文翻译：

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扩大了 MutL 家族 DNA 错配修复蛋白的作用

MutL 家族的 DNA 错配修复蛋白在切除和修复 DNA 复制过程中的错误掺入中起着关键作用。在许多真核生物中，该家族的成员已经进化到可以在减数分裂过程中调节重组中间体并将其分解为交叉。在这些生物体中，这些功能促进了减数分裂 I 分裂期间染色体的准确分离。MutL 同系物 (MLH) 家族成员发生了哪些改变，使他们能够获得这些新角色？在这篇综述中，我们提出证据表明酵母 Mlh1-Mlh3 和 Mlh1-Mlh2 复合物已经进化出新的酶促和非酶促活性以及蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用，这对其减数分裂功能至关重要。奇怪的是，即使有这些变化，