In this paper, we derive a new drift‐kinetic method for estimating gradients in the plasma properties through a velocity space distribution at a single point. The gradients are intrinsically related to agyrotropic features of the distribution function. This method predicts the gradients in the magnetized distribution function and can predict gradients of arbitrary moments of the gyrotropic background distribution function. The method allows for estimates on density and pressure gradients on the scale of a Larmor radius, proving to resolve smaller scales than any method currently available to spacecraft. The model is verified with a set of fully kinetic VPIC particle‐in‐cell simulations.

中文翻译：

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从单点分布函数数据获取血浆特性梯度的漂移动力学方法

在本文中，我们推导了一种新的漂移动力学方法，该方法通过在单个点上的速度空间分布来估计等离子体属性中的梯度。梯度本质上与分布函数的回旋特征有关。该方法预测磁化分布函数中的梯度，并且可以预测回旋本底分布函数中任意时刻的梯度。该方法可以在拉莫尔半径的尺度上估算密度和压力梯度，事实证明，与目前航天器所能使用的任何方法相比，该方法都能解决较小的尺度。该模型已通过一组全动力学的VPIC单元模拟进行了验证。