In this review paper, we reconceptualise the relationships between travel-related attitudes and behaviours using (and considering the applicability of) Festinger’s cognitive dissonance theory. According to this psychological theory – developed in the 1950s and widely used ever since − a dissonance between attitudes and behaviour can result in feelings of discomfort, which people will try to reduce by changing either their attitudes or their behaviour. In our interpretation, we focus on two interrelated decision processes linked with travel behaviour, i.e., travel mode choice and residential location choice. Although a considerable number of travel behaviour studies refer to the cognitive dissonance theory in order to explain found results (e.g., changed attitudes), a full examination of the process of cognitive dissonance (reduction) in the travel behaviour literature is currently lacking. Through this critical consolidation of transport literature on the cognitive dissonance topic, we propose future research directions to fill this gap. We argue that the cognitive dissonance theory can provide valuable insights into satisfaction levels with travel and the place of residence, while also helping to explain changes in travel-related attitudes and choices of where to live and which travel mode to use.

在这篇综述文章中，我们使用费斯廷格的认知失调理论（并考虑其适用性）重新概念化了与旅行相关的态度和行为之间的关系。根据这一自1950年代发展起来并自此以来得到广泛使用的心理学理论，态度与行为之间的失调会导致不适感，人们将通过改变态度或行为来减轻这种不适感。在我们的解释中，我们关注与旅行行为相关的两个相互关联的决策过程，即旅行模式选择和居住地点选择。尽管很多旅行行为研究都引用认知失调理论来解释发现的结果（例如，态度改变），当前缺乏对旅行行为文献中的认知失调（减少）过程的全面检查。通过对认知失调主题的运输文献的这种重要整合，我们提出了弥补这一空白的未来研究方向。我们认为，认知失调理论可以为人们对旅行和居住地的满意度提供有价值的见解，同时还可以帮助解释与旅行有关的态度的变化以及对居住地和使用哪种旅行方式的选择。