Here we propose a one-step strategy to endow nanomaterials with a custom-designed bio-identity. This study designs a universal ‘nanomaterial binding domain’ that can be genetically attached to any protein ensuring precise and spontaneous protein orientation. We demonstrate how, despite the simplicity of the method, the bioconjugation achieved: (i) is highly efficient, even in the presence of competing proteins, (ii) is stable at extreme physiological conditions (pH ranges 5.2-9.0; NaCl concentrations 0-1 M); (iii) prevents unwanted protein biofouling days after incubation in biologically-relevant conditions; and finally, (iv) avoids nanoparticle interaction with promiscuous unspecific receptors. In summary, this protein biocoating technique, applicable to a wide array of nano-designs, integrates material science and molecular biology procedures to create hybrid nanodevices with well-defined surfaces and predictable biological behaviors, opening a chapter in precision nanodiagnostics, nanosensing or nanotherapeutic applications.

在这里，我们提出了一种为纳米材料赋予定制设计的生物身份的单步策略。这项研究设计了一个通用的“纳米材料结合域”，该基因可以遗传连接到任何蛋白质上，从而确保精确而自然的蛋白质定向。我们证明，尽管该方法简单易行，但如何实现生物偶联：（i）即使在存在竞争性蛋白质的情况下也非常高效；（ii）在极端生理条件（pH范围为5.2-9.0； NaCl浓度为0- 1 M）；（iii）防止在与生物学相关的条件下孵育后不希望的蛋白质生物污染天数；最后，（iv）避免了纳米粒子与混杂的非特异性受体的相互作用。总而言之，这种蛋白质生物涂层技术适用于多种纳米设计，