Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is highly stable due to the strong CF bond and extremely difficult to be removed by conventional photocatalysts. In this study, Bi doped BiOI_1-xF_x solid solutions with hollow microsphere structure were prepared through a facile one-step hydrothermal method. Compared with pure BiOI and BiOF, the band gap of the Bi/BiOI_1-xF_x solid solutions was significantly reduced, thus promoting the visible light absorbance. The cavity structure of the BiOI_1-xF_x solid solutions enhanced the surface areas and active sites for reaction. The local electromagnetic field dominated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of Bi metal on the surface favored the separation of the photoinduced charge pairs. As a consequence, Bi/BiOI_0.8F_0.2 (x = 0.20, the doping amount of fluorine was 20 %) composite displayed the best photocatalytic performance for decomposing PFOA, and 40 mg/L PFOA could be removed within 2 h illumination. The degradation rate constant (k = 0.0375 min⁻¹) of PFOA by Bi/BiOI_0.8F_0.2 was about tenfold of that by pure BiOI and BiOF. Superoxide radical (·O₂-) predominated in the degradation of PFOA by Bi/BiOI_0.8F_0.2, and the possible degradation pathway of PFOA by Bi/BiOI_0.8F_0.2 was proposed. This work provides a highly efficient catalyst for the practical application in removal of highly persistent PFOA.

全氟辛酸（PFOA）由于具有强力的C F键而非常稳定，并且极难用传统的光催化剂除去。在这项研究中，Bi掺杂的BiOI _1-x F _x具有空心微球结构的固溶体是通过一种简便的一步水热法制备的。与纯BiOI和BiOF相比，Bi / BiOI _1-x F _x固溶体的带隙明显减小，从而提高了可见光吸收率。BiOI _1-x F _x的腔结构固溶体增加了反应的表面积和活性位点。Bi金属在表面上的以表面等离振子共振（SPR）效应为主的局部电磁场有利于光生电荷对的分离。结果，Bi / BiOI _0.8 F _0.2（x = 0.20，氟的掺杂量为20％）复合材料表现出最好的光催化分解PFOA的性能，并且在2 h的光照下可以去除40 mg / L PFOA。Bi / BiOI _0.8 F _0.2对PFOA的降解速率常数（k = 0.0375 min ^-1）约为纯BiOI和BiOF的降解速率常数的十倍。Bi / BiOI降解PFOA的过程中超氧自由基（· O _2-）占主导。_提出了0.8 F _0.2，并提出了Bi / BiOI _0.8 F _0.2可能降解PFOA的途径。这项工作为去除高持久性PFOA的实际应用提供了一种高效的催化剂。