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Trichoderma virens colonization of maize roots triggers rapid accumulation of 12-oxophytodienoate and two ⍺-ketols in leaves as priming agents of induced systemic resistance
Plant Signaling & Behavior ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-11 , DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1792187
Ken-Der Wang 1 , Zachary Gorman 1 , Pei-Cheng Huang 1 , Charles M Kenerley 1 , Michael V Kolomiets 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT Two oxylipins 12-OPDA (12-Oxo-10(Z),15(Z)-phytodienoic acid) and an ᵧ-ketol, 9,10-KODA (10-oxo-9-hydroxy-12(Z), 15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid) were recently identified as important long-distance-induced systemic resistance (ISR) signals in Trichoderma virens-treated maize. On the other hand, jasmonic acid (JA), long believed to be a major signal of ISR, was not involved, as the JA-deficient mutant, opr7 opr8, retained the capacity for T. virens-triggered ISR. In order to further understand the biochemical basis for ISR priming in maize leaves, diverse oxylipins and phytohormones in the leaves of wild-type maize or ISR-deficient lox10-3 mutants treated with T. virens were quantified. This analysis revealed that 12-OPDA and two novel ᵧ-ketols, 9,12-KOMA (12-Oxo-9-hydroxy-10(E)-octadecenoic acid) and 9,12-KODA (12-Oxo-9-hydroxy-10(E),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid), accumulated at high levels in ISR-positive plants. In support of the notion that 12-OPDA serves as a priming agent for ISR in addition to being a xylem-mobile signal, leaf pretreatment with this JA precursor resulted in increased resistance to Colletotrichum graminicola. Furthermore, the injection of 9,12-KODA or 9,12-KOMA in wild-type plants enhanced resistance against C. graminicola infection, suggesting that they play roles in ISR priming.

中文翻译:

玉米根部的绿木霉定植引发 12-氧代植物二烯酸和两种 ⍺-酮醇在叶片中的快速积累,作为诱导系统抗性的启动剂

摘要 两种 oxylipins 12-OPDA (12-Oxo-10(Z),15(Z)-phytodienoic acid) 和 ᵧ-ketol, 9,10-KODA (10-oxo-9-hydroxy-12(Z), 15 (Z)-十八碳二烯酸) 最近被确定为在 Trichoderma virens 处理的玉米中重要的长距离诱导系统抗性 (ISR) 信号。另一方面,长期以来一直被认为是 ISR 主要信号的茉莉酸 (JA) 没有参与,因为 JA 缺陷突变体 opr7 opr8 保留了 T. virens 触发的 ISR 的能力。为了进一步了解玉米叶片中 ISR 引发的生化基础,对用 T. virens 处理的野生型玉米或 ISR 缺陷 lox10-3 突变体叶片中的不同 oxylipins 和植物激素进行了量化。该分析表明,12-OPDA 和两种新型 ᵧ-酮醇,9,12-KOMA(12-Oxo-9-hydroxy-10(E)-octadecenoic acid)和 9,12-KODA(12-Oxo-9-hydroxy -10(E), 15(Z)-十八碳二烯酸),在 ISR 阳性植物中以高水平积累。为了支持 12-OPDA 除了作为木质部移动信号之外还作为 ISR 的引发剂的观点,用这种 JA 前体对叶片进行预处理导致对禾本科炭疽菌的抗性增加。此外,在野生型植物中注射 9,12-KODA 或 9,12-KOMA 增强了对禾本科 C. graminicola 感染的抗性,表明它们在 ISR 启动中发挥作用。
更新日期:2020-07-11
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