Abstract

In the quest for a sustainable environment and clean water resources, the efficacy of Ocimum gratissimum leave (OGL) for indigo carmine (IC) dye biosorption was studied in a batch technique. The physicochemical properties of OGL supported its suitability for biosorption studies. Of 92.6% removal efficiency was achieved at optimum conditions of pH 2, contact time 120 min, initial IC concentration 500 ppm, temperature 298 K, and 100 mg OGL dose. Kinetic data were best fitted to pseudo second-order (PSO) and the mechanism was pore diffusion governed as validated by sum of square error (SSE) and non-linear chi-square (χ ²). Freundlich isotherm model gave the best description at 298 K as supported by Halsey, Redlich–Peterson, and Fowler–Guggenheim confirming the heterogeneous nature of OGL and multilayer biosorption process. Langmuir Q _max (77.52 mg g⁻¹) surpassed those previously reported. SEM and EDX confirmed the reality of the biosorption process. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH°, ΔS°, ΔG°, and Ea) affirm a feasible, spontaneous, exothermic, and randomness of the process. Results revealed that OGL is a potential and efficient environmentally benign, low cost, and sustainable biosorbents. It is therefore recommended as a bi-functional biosorbent for wastewater treatment.

摘要

为了寻求可持续的环境和清洁的水资源，采用批处理技术研究了免费提香叶（OGL）对靛蓝胭脂红（IC）染料生物吸附的功效。OGL的理化特性支持了其对生物吸附研究的适用性。在pH 2的最佳条件下达到了92.6％的去除效率，接触时间为120分钟，初始IC浓度为500 ppm，温度为298 K，OGL剂量为100 mg。动力学数据最佳拟合到伪二阶（PSO）和机理进行孔扩散支配由方误差（SSE）和非线性卡方的总和为验证（χ ²）。在Halsey，Redlich-Peterson和Fowler-Guggenheim的支持下，Freundlich等温模型在298 K时给出了最佳描述，证实了OGL和多层生物吸附过程的非均质性。Langmuir Q _max（77.52 mg g ^-1）超过了先前的报告。SEM和EDX证实了生物吸附过程的现实。热力学参数（ΔH °，ΔS °，ΔG °和Ea）确定了该过程的可行性，自发性，放热性和随机性。结果显示，OGL是一种潜在且有效的环境友好，低成本和可持续的生物吸附剂。因此，建议将其用作废水处理的双功能生物吸附剂。