The zebrafish has emerged as a powerful vertebrate model for studying liver‐associated disorders. Liver damage is a crucial problem in the process of drug development and zebrafish have proven to be an important tool for the high‐throughput screening of drugs for hepatotoxicity. Although the structure of the zebrafish liver differs to that of mammals, the fundamental physiologic processes, genetic mutations and manifestations of pathogenic responses to environmental insults exhibit much similarity. The larval transparency of the zebrafish is a great advantage for real‐time imaging in hepatic studies. The zebrafish has a broad spectrum of cytochrome P450 enzymes, which enable the biotransformation of drugs via similar pathways as mammals, including oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis reactions. In the present review, we appraise the various drugs, chemicals and toxins used to study liver toxicity in zebrafish and their similarities to the rodent models for liver‐related studies. Interestingly, the zebrafish has also been effectively used to study the pathophysiology of nonalcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease. The genetic models of liver disorders and their easy manipulation provide great opportunity in the area of drug development. The zebrafish has proven to be an influential model for the hepatic system due to its invertebrate‐like advantages coupled with its vertebrate biology. The present review highlights the pivotal role of zebrafish in bridging the gap between cell‐based and mammalian models.

中文翻译：

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斑马鱼：研究肝脏疾病和相关药物发现的新兴模型系统。

斑马鱼已成为研究肝脏相关疾病的强大脊椎动物模型。肝损伤是药物开发过程中的一个关键问题，斑马鱼已被证明是高通量筛选肝毒性药物的重要工具。尽管斑马鱼肝脏的结构与哺乳动物不同，但基本生理过程、基因突变和对环境损害的致病反应表现出很多相似之处。斑马鱼幼虫的透明度是肝脏研究中实时成像的一大优势。斑马鱼具有广谱的细胞色素 P450 酶，可通过与哺乳动物类似的途径实现药物的生物转化，包括氧化、还原和水解反应。在本综述中，我们评估了各种药物，用于研究斑马鱼肝脏毒性的化学物质和毒素及其与肝脏相关研究的啮齿动物模型的相似之处。有趣的是，斑马鱼也被有效地用于研究非酒精性和酒精性脂肪肝的病理生理学。肝脏疾病的遗传模型及其易于操作的方法为药物开发领域提供了巨大的机遇。斑马鱼已被证明是一种有影响力的肝脏系统模型，因为它具有类似无脊椎动物的优势及其脊椎动物生物学特性。本综述强调了斑马鱼在弥合细胞模型和哺乳动物模型之间的差距方面的关键作用。斑马鱼也被有效地用于研究非酒精性和酒精性脂肪肝的病理生理学。肝脏疾病的遗传模型及其易于操作的方法为药物开发领域提供了巨大的机遇。斑马鱼已被证明是一种有影响力的肝脏系统模型，因为它具有类似无脊椎动物的优势及其脊椎动物生物学特性。本综述强调了斑马鱼在弥合细胞模型和哺乳动物模型之间的差距方面的关键作用。斑马鱼也被有效地用于研究非酒精性和酒精性脂肪肝的病理生理学。肝脏疾病的遗传模型及其易于操作的方法为药物开发领域提供了巨大的机遇。斑马鱼已被证明是一种有影响力的肝脏系统模型，因为它具有类似无脊椎动物的优势及其脊椎动物生物学特性。本综述强调了斑马鱼在弥合细胞模型和哺乳动物模型之间的差距方面的关键作用。斑马鱼已被证明是一种有影响力的肝脏系统模型，因为它具有类似无脊椎动物的优势及其脊椎动物生物学特性。本综述强调了斑马鱼在弥合细胞模型和哺乳动物模型之间的差距方面的关键作用。斑马鱼已被证明是一种有影响力的肝脏系统模型，因为它具有类似无脊椎动物的优势及其脊椎动物生物学特性。本综述强调了斑马鱼在弥合细胞模型和哺乳动物模型之间的差距方面的关键作用。