Despite extensive research into adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a common breast cancer (BC) subtype with poor prognosis. Given that it has higher immune cell infiltration, theoretically, it should be a protagonist of potential BC immunotherapies. However, only mild responses have been observed in monotherapy with anti-programmed death receptor-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) antibodies. In this review, we reappraise PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor combination immunotherapy and effective experimental compounds, focusing the level of PD-L1 expression, neoantigens, abnormal signaling pathways, and tumor microenvironment signatures, to provide guidance for future clinical trials based on the molecular mechanisms involved.

尽管对辅助和新辅助化疗进行了广泛的研究，但三阴性乳腺癌 (TNBC) 仍然是一种常见的乳腺癌 (BC) 亚型，预后较差。鉴于它具有较高的免疫细胞浸润，理论上，它应该是潜在的BC免疫疗法的主角。然而，在使用抗程序性死亡受体-1/程序性死亡配体-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) 抗体的单一疗法中仅观察到轻微反应。在这篇综述中，我们重新评估了 PD-1/PD-L1 抑制剂联合免疫疗法和有效的实验化合物，重点关注 PD-L1 表达水平、新抗原、异常信号通路和肿瘤微环境特征，为未来的临床试验提供指导。所涉及的分子机制。