Experiments and biomolecular simulations are revealing new and unexpected details of how enzymes are adapted to specific temperatures. These findings are elucidating enzyme evolutionary trajectories and offer great promise for design and engineering of natural and artificial enzymes. They also have implications for understanding responses of larger scale biological temperature dependence, relevant for understanding the effects of climate change on ecosystems. We review recent work on the temperature dependence of enzyme-catalysed reaction rates and the implications for enzyme evolution. Evidence from kinetic isotope effects, temperature dependent reaction rates, molecular dynamics simulations and thermodynamics provides new insights into enzyme thermoadaptation and evolution.

实验和生物分子模拟揭示了酶如何适应特定温度的新的和意想不到的细节。这些发现阐明了酶的进化轨迹，并为天然和人工酶的设计和工程提供了广阔的前景。它们还对理解更大规模生物温度依赖性的反应具有影响，与理解气候变化对生态系统的影响有关。我们回顾了最近关于酶催化反应速率的温度依赖性及其对酶进化的影响的工作。来自动力学同位素效应、温度相关反应速率、分子动力学模拟和热力学的证据为酶的热适应和进化提供了新的见解。