In this research, the cotton fabric was modified with bismuth oxide nanoparticles (Bi₂O₃ NPs) by a simple method. Bismuth oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction of bismuth salt using nitric acid as reducing agent. In situ method was used for synthesis and deposition of bismuth oxide nanoparticles on cotton fabrics. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction for evaluation of crystal structure, scanning electron microscopy for presentation of morphology and size, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for determination of chemical composition, atomic absorption spectroscopy for studding bismuth release, contact angle for explanation of hydrophobic character, and diffuse reflection spectroscopy for ultraviolet (UV) blocking. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by measurement of the reduction of the gram-negative Escherichia coli on modified cotton fabric. Based on the results, modified cotton fabric showed hydrophobic, UV-blocking properties, and antibacterial activity as compared with control cotton fabric, which will have high potential applications in various fields.

中文翻译：

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棉织物上氧化铋纳米粒子的原位制备与沉积

在这项研究中，棉织物用氧化铋纳米粒子（Bi ₂ O ₃NPs）。通过使用硝酸作为还原剂对铋盐进行化学还原来合成氧化铋纳米颗粒。原位法用于在棉织物上合成和沉积氧化铋纳米粒子。通过X射线衍射对晶体结构进行评估，扫描电子显微镜对形态和尺寸进行表征，能量色散X射线光谱对化学成分的测定，原子吸收光谱对铋的释放，接触角的解释来表征样品疏水性的特征，以及用于紫外线（UV）阻挡的漫反射光谱。通过测量革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌的减少来评估抗菌活性在改性棉织物上。基于该结果，与对照棉织物相比，改性棉织物显示出疏水性，紫外线阻隔性和抗菌活性，这在各个领域中具有很高的潜在应用。