In recent years, interest has increased in the use of agro-industrial wastes for use as raw materials in the production of second-generation biofuels and other products of industrial interest. A pretreatment is necessary, followed by an enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain high yields of fermentable sugars. In the present study, the best conditions were established both for peroxide-alkaline pretreatment and for enzymatic hydrolysis of the Mexican barley straw (Hordeum vulgare L.) variety Doña Josefa in order to maximize lignin removal and improve enzyme conversion. Response surface methodology based on a Box–Behnken experimental design was used to optimize pretreatment conditions (concentration of hydrogen peroxide [H₂O₂], reaction time, and liquid–solid ratio (LSR)), and enzymatic hydrolysis (cellulase and xylanase concentrations and reaction time). Samples obtained from residual bagasse at each process stage were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectrometry (FTIR) to evaluate the changes in the structure of the material after treatments. In pretreatment optimization, it was possible to obtain 60% delignification at a 6% peroxide concentration and a 12:1 LSR in 24 h. In saccharification, a maximum 82% conversion of cellulose to glucose using 6% cellulase (Cellic® CTec III), and 4% xylanase (Cellic® HTec III) in 20 h of hydrolysis, was used in obtaining a maximum sugar concentration of 70 g/L. Peroxide-alkaline pretreatment together with state-of-the-art enzyme saccharification makes barley straw an excellent alternative for fermentable sugar production that can be used for various biotech industries.

近年来，人们越来越关注使用农业工业废料作为生产第二代生物燃料和其他具有工业价值的产品的原料。预处理是必需的，然后进行酶促水解以获得高产率的可发酵糖。在本研究中，为过氧化物-碱性预处理和墨西哥大麦秸秆（大麦草）DoñaJosefa的酶促水解建立了最佳条件，以最大程度地去除木质素并改善酶的转化。基于Box–Behnken实验设计的响应面方法用于优化预处理条件（过氧化氢[H ₂ O ₂]，反应时间，液固比（LSR））和酶促水解（纤维素酶和木聚糖酶的浓度以及反应时间）。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和红外光谱（FTIR）分析在每个工艺阶段从残留蔗渣中获得的样品，以评估处理后材料结构的变化。在预处理优化中，有可能在24小时内以6％的过氧化物浓度和12：1的LSR获得60％的脱木素作用。在糖化过程中，在20小时的水解过程中，使用6％纤维素酶（Cellic®CTec III）和4％木聚糖酶（Cellic®HTec III）将纤维素转化为葡萄糖的最大转化率为82％，以获得最大糖浓度为70 g /升