In clinical tumor therapy, traditional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy all have their own limitations. With the development of nanotechnology, new therapeutic methods based on nanomaterials such as photothermal therapy (PTT) have also emerged. PTT takes advantage of the poor thermal tolerance of tumor cells and uses the heat generated by photothermal reagents to kill tumor cells. A transition metal sulfide represented as Cu₂S is an ideal photothermal reagent because of its easy preparation, high extinction coefficient and photothermal conversion efficiency. Surface modification of nanoparticles (NPs) is also necessary, which not only can reduce toxicity and improve colloidal stability, but also can provide the possibility of further chemotherapeutic drug loading. In this work, we report the fabrication of Tween-20 (Tw20)-modified and doxorubicin (Dox)-loaded Cu₂S NPs (Cu₂S/Dox@Tw20 NPs), which significantly improves the performance in tumor therapy. Apart from the enhancement of colloidal stability and biocompatibility, the drug loading rate of Dox in Tw20 reaches 11.3%. Because of the loading of Dox, Cu₂S/Dox@Tw20 NPs exhibit chemotherapeutic behaviors and the tumor inhibition rate is 76.2%. Further combined with a near-infrared laser, the high temperature directly leads to the apoptosis of a large number of tumor cells, while the release of chemotherapeutic drugs under heat can not only continue to kill residual tumor cells, but also inhibit tumor recurrence. Therefore, with the combination of PTT and chemotherapy, the tumor was completely eliminated. Both hematological analysis and histopathological analysis proved that our experiments are safe.

中文翻译：

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负载阿霉素的 Cu2S/Tween-20 纳米复合材料用于光触发肿瘤光热治疗和化疗

在临床肿瘤治疗中，手术、放疗、化疗等传统治疗方法都有其局限性。随着纳米技术的发展，光热疗法（PTT）等基于纳米材料的新型治疗方法也应运而生。PTT利用肿瘤细胞耐热性差的优势，利用光热试剂产生的热量杀死肿瘤细胞。以Cu _{2表示的过渡金属硫化物}S具有制备简单、消光系数高、光热转换效率高等优点，是一种理想的光热试剂。纳米粒子（NPs）的表面修饰也是必要的，这不仅可以降低毒性和提高胶体稳定性，还可以提供进一步的化疗药物负载的可能性。在这项工作中，我们报告了 Tween-20 (Tw20) 修饰和阿霉素 (Dox) 负载的 Cu ₂ S NPs (Cu ₂ S/Dox@Tw20 NPs) 的制备，这显着提高了肿瘤治疗的性能。除了胶体稳定性和生物相容性增强外，Dox在Tw20中的载药率达到11.3%。由于 Dox 的负载，Cu ₂S/Dox@Tw20 NPs表现出化疗行为，肿瘤抑制率为76.2%。进一步结合近红外激光，高温直接导致大量肿瘤细胞凋亡，而化疗药物在加热下释放，不仅可以继续杀死残留肿瘤细胞，还可以抑制肿瘤复发。因此，通过PTT和化学疗法的结合，肿瘤被完全消除。血液学分析和组织病理学分析都证明我们的实验是安全的。