Though the solar photovoltaic (PV) module is used for power production, it usually works at high temperatures, decreasing its efficiency and therefore its output. So if an effective cooling method is to be implemented, it would reduce the heat from the solar PV module and increase its power production. Significant research in water cooling on both top and bottom surfaces of the PV module widen the scope for uniform cooling with constant module temperature throughout at any instant. In this work, uniform flow is maintained by means of overflow water from a tank fitted on the top of the PV module. Experiments were carried out with and without cooling. Performance parameters in terms of power output and efficiency have been presented for the PV module without cooling and cooling with three different mass flow rates. The results show that there is a significant rise in efficiency of the PV module by reducing its temperature. An accelerated output power of 23 W has been observed for a higher mass flow rate of 5.3 kg/min which is 15% higher than the photovoltaic module operating without cooling. Results were compared with previous researchers’ work and found to be a good enhancement. Theoretical results agree well with experiments.

中文翻译：

---

顶面水流均匀的光伏组件

虽然太阳能光伏 (PV) 模块用于发电，但它通常在高温下工作，从而降低其效率，从而降低其输出。因此，如果要实施有效的冷却方法，它将减少太阳能光伏组件的热量并增加其发电量。对光伏组件顶面和底面水冷的重要研究拓宽了在任何时刻始终保持模块温度恒定的均匀冷却范围。在这项工作中，通过安装在光伏组件顶部的水箱溢出的水来维持均匀的流动。在冷却和不冷却的情况下进行实验。已针对没有冷却和具有三种不同质量流量的冷却的 PV 模块提出了功率输出和效率方面的性能参数。结果表明，通过降低温度，光伏组件的效率显着提高。在 5.3 kg/min 的更高质量流量下观察到 23 W 的加速输出功率，这比没有冷却的光伏模块高 15%。结果与以前研究人员的工作进行了比较，发现是一个很好的增强。理论结果与实验吻合良好。