The genes involved in the methionine pathway are closely associated with phospholipid homeostasis in yeast. The impact of the deletion of methionine (MET) transcriptional activators (MET31, MET32 and MET4) in lipid homeostasis is studied. Our lipid profiling data showed that aberrant phospholipid and neutral lipid accumulation occurred in met31∆ and met4∆ strains with low Met. The expression pattern of phospholipid biosynthetic genes such as CHO2, OPI3 and triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthetic gene, DGA1 were upregulated in met31∆, and met4∆ strains when compared to wild type (WT). The accumulation of triacylglycerol and sterol esters (SE) content supports the concomitant increase in lipid droplets in met31∆ and met4∆ strains. However, excessive supplies of methionine (1 mM) in the cells lacking the MET transcriptional activators MET31 and MET4 ameliorates the abnormal lipogenesis and causes aberrant lipid accumulation. These findings implicate the methionine accessibility plays a pivotal role in lipid metabolism in the yeast model.

中文翻译：

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MET 转录激活因子、MET4 和 MET31 的损伤会在酿酒酵母中诱导脂质积累。

参与蛋氨酸途径的基因与酵母中的磷脂稳态密切相关。研究了蛋氨酸 (MET) 转录激活因子（MET31、MET32和MET4）缺失对脂质稳态的影响。我们的脂质分析数据显示，在具有低 Met 的met31Δ和met4Δ菌株中发生了异常的磷脂和中性脂质积累。磷脂生物合成基因如CHO2、OPI3和三酰甘油（TAG）生物合成基因DGA1的表达模式在met31Δ和met4Δ中上调与野生型 (WT) 相比。三酰基甘油和甾醇酯（SE）含量的积累支持了met31Δ和met4Δ菌株中脂滴的伴随增加。然而，在缺乏 MET 转录激活剂MET31和MET4的细胞中过量供应甲硫氨酸 (1 mM)会改善异常的脂肪生成并导致异常的脂质积累。这些发现表明蛋氨酸可及性在酵母模型中的脂质代谢中起着关键作用。