Spirulina (Arthrospira maxima) components have shown several health-benefits, including immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Even though a few studies have examined the effects of some Spirulina-derived ingredients on platelets, none studied the effects on platelet aggregation induced by inflammatory and thrombotic mediators, namely platelet-activating actor (PAF) and thrombin. In the present study, the antithrombotic properties of compounds extracted from Spirulina, namely phycocyanobilin (PCB), phycocyanin-protein, polysaccharides (PS) and lipid extracts, but also of bioactive HPLC-separated lipid-fractions, were assessed in washed rabbit platelets (WRP) activated by PAF and thrombin. All extracts showed strong anti-PAF and anti-thrombin activities in WRP. PCB showed the strongest inhibitory effects on PAF/thrombin-induced platelet aggregation, with a stronger anti-thrombin effect, followed by the relative strong anti-PAF inhibitory effects of the total lipid extracts. HPLC-separation of Spirulina lipid extracts into lipid subclasses’ fractions showed that specific polar lipid fractions of glyco-lipids and PAF-like phosphatidylcholine moieties exhibited the strongest anti-PAF effects. Some of these lipid-fractions and PCB, when assessed at higher concentrations on WRP showed also an anti-PAF agonistic effect, with the PS extract exhibiting the strongest platelet-aggregatory effect. In conclusion, the results suggested that Spirulina seems to be a sustainable source of bioactive compounds with strong anti-PAF and anti-thrombin properties, and thus a potential candidate for developing food supplements and nutraceuticals against inflammation, thrombosis and related disorders. However, more studies are needed to explore the potential and safety of further use of Spirulina.

螺旋藻（Arthrospira maxima）成分已显示出多种健康益处，包括免疫调节和抗炎特性。尽管少数研究检查了螺旋藻衍生成分对血小板的影响，但没有研究研究炎症和血栓形成介质，即血小板活化因子（PAF）和凝血酶对血小板聚集的影响。在本研究中，从螺旋藻提取的化合物的抗血栓形成特性在由PAF和凝血酶激活的洗涤兔血小板（WRP）中评估了藻蓝蛋白（PCB），藻蓝蛋白，多糖（PS）和脂质提取物，以及生物活性HPLC分离的脂质馏分。所有提取物在WRP中均显示出强大的抗PAF和抗凝血酶活性。PCB对PAF /凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集表现出最强的抑制作用，具有更强的抗凝血酶作用，其次是总脂质提取物相对较强的抗PAF抑制作用。螺旋藻的HPLC分离将脂质提取物分为脂质亚类的馏分表明，糖脂和PAF样磷脂酰胆碱部分的特定极性脂质馏分显示出最强的抗PAF作用。当以较高的浓度在WRP上评估时，这些脂质级分和PCB中的一些也显示出抗PAF激动作用，而PS提取物表现出最强的血小板聚集作用。总之，结果表明螺旋藻似乎是具有强抗PAF和抗凝血酶特性的生物活性化合物的可持续来源，因此是开发抗炎，血栓形成和相关疾病的食品补充剂和营养品的潜在候选人。然而，需要更多的研究来探索进一步使用螺旋藻的潜力和安全性。