Immune responses to non-pathogenic yeasts induced within the draining lymph node remain to be understood. In this study, we have investigated the changes in lymphocytes and their activity in skin-draining lymph nodes in response to transdermally injected zymosan (component of the yeast cell wall). Zymosan elicited the transient increase of B cell number and activation status without affecting the capacity for proliferation. The increased B cell content in the regional lymph nodes was likely due to the reduction of B cell egress from the tissue and in part the increase of homing from the circulation. Zymosan also upregulated the inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and IFNγ, regulatory cytokines IL-10 and TGFβ, and lymphoid chemokine CXCL13. Among these, the expression of IL-12 and IL-10 was markedly high in B cells. Altogether, these findings demonstrate a unique B cell-associated response to non-pathogenic yeast component in the draining lymph nodes. This will provide insights into the clinical and healthcare applications of non-pathogenic beneficial microbes.

对引流淋巴结内诱导的非致病性酵母的免疫反应仍有待了解。在这项研究中，我们调查了响应经皮注射的酵母聚糖（酵母细胞壁的组成部分）后淋巴细胞的变化及其在引流淋巴结中的活性。酵母聚糖引起B细胞数量和激活状态的瞬时增加，而不会影响增殖能力。区域淋巴结中B细胞含量的增加可能是由于B细胞从组织中流出的减少以及部分归因于循环的归巢增加。酵母聚糖还上调了炎性细胞因子，例如IL-1β，IL-6，IL-12和IFNγ，调节性细胞因子IL-10和TGFβ，以及淋巴趋化因子CXCL13。其中，IL-12和IL-10的表达在B细胞中明显高。共，这些发现证明了引流淋巴结中对非致病性酵母菌成分的独特B细胞相关反应。这将为非病原性有益微生物的临床和医疗应用提供见识。