Aims

To systematically review longitudinal studies on living alone and incident dementia, to pool the results in a meta-analysis and calculate the population risk.

Methods

Embase, Medline and PsycInfo were searched from inception to August 2019 for longitudinal cohort studies of people living alone and risk of dementia. Relative risks (RR) were extracted and effect sizes pooled, with a sensitivity analysis for risk of bias (QUIPS quality rating tool). Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) was calculated, with prevalence of living alone calculated from UK Census data.

Results

Twelve studies were identified for inclusion, nine of which had low risk of bias. The pooled effect size indicated an elevated risk of incident dementia when living alone (all studies RR = 1.30; 95 % CI: 1.15–1.46; low risk of bias studies (RR = 1.31; 95 % CI: 1.13–1.51). The PAF for living alone was 8.9 %.

Conclusions

Social isolation is a more important risk factor for dementia than previously identified, with living alone associated with greater population risk than physical inactivity, hypertension, diabetes and obesity.

中文翻译：

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独居和罹患痴呆症的风险：系统评价和荟萃分析。

目的

要系统地审查关于单独生活和痴呆症的纵向研究，以荟萃分析汇总结果并计算人口风险。

方法

从开始到2019年8月，对Embase，Medline和PsycInfo进行了搜索，以对单独生活的人和痴呆症的风险进行纵向队列研究。提取相对风险（RR）并合并效应大小，并对偏倚风险进行敏感性分析（QUIPS质量评级工具）。计算了人口归因分数（PAF），并根据英国人口普查数据计算了单独生活的患病率。

结果

确定了12项纳入研究，其中9项具有较低的偏倚风险。汇总的效应量表明，单独生活时发生痴呆的风险较高（所有研究RR = 1.30； 95％CI：1.15-1.46；偏倚研究的风险较低（RR = 1.31； 95％CI：1.13-1.51）。独自生活的人的平均百分比为8.9％。

结论

社交隔离是痴呆症比以前确定的更为重要的危险因素，与不活动，高血压，糖尿病和肥胖症相比，独居生活与更大的人口风险相关。