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Fear-induced increases in loss aversion are linked to increased neural negative-value coding.
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-09 , DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa091
Stefan Schulreich 1, 2, 3 , Holger Gerhardt 4, 5 , Dar Meshi 6 , Hauke R Heekeren 1, 2
Affiliation  

Human decisions are often influenced by emotions. An economically relevant example is the role of fear in generating loss aversion. Previous research implicates the amygdala as a key brain structure in the experience of fear and loss aversion. The neural mechanism behind emotional influences on loss aversion is, however, unclear. To address this, we measured brain activation with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while participants made decisions about monetary gambles after viewing fearful or neutral faces. We observed that loss aversion following the presentation of neutral faces was mainly predicted by greater deactivations for prospective losses (relative to activations for prospective gains) in several brain regions, including the amygdala. By contrast, increases in loss aversion following the presentation of fearful faces were mainly predicted by greater activations for prospective losses. These findings suggest a fear-induced shift from positive to negative value coding that reflects a context-dependent involvement of distinct valuation processes.

中文翻译:

恐惧引起的损失厌恶情绪的增加与神经负值编码的增加有关。

人的决定往往受情绪影响。一个与经济相关的例子是恐惧在产生损失规避中的作用。先前的研究将杏仁核作为恐惧和损失厌恶体验中的关键大脑结构。然而,情绪影响损失厌恶的神经机制尚不清楚。为了解决这个问题,我们使用功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)测量了大脑的激活状态,而参与者在观看了恐惧或中性的面孔后做出了关于赌博的决定。我们观察到,出现中性面孔后的损失厌恶主要是由预期损失的更大失活(相对于激活)所预测的。以获取预期收益),包括杏仁核在内的多个大脑区域。相比之下,出现恐惧面孔后损失回避的增加主要是通过预期损失的更大激活来预测的。这些发现表明,恐惧引起的从正值编码到负值编码的转变反映了不同估值过程的上下文相关性。
更新日期:2020-07-31
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