ABSTRACT Antarctica and Zealandia were once-adjacent blocks of Gondwana with a shared magmatic history during the Mesozoic and earlier. This is preserved in (a) shared Palaeozoic and Mesozoic Gondwana plutonism; (b) magmatism associated with syn-Gondwana breakup, including Jurassic-aged dolerite rocks of the Ferrar large igneous province, and igneous intrusions of similar isotopic affinity occurring on both continents coeval with Late Cretaceous rifting of Antarctica from Zealandia. The shared magmatic history continued post-Gondwana breakup through (c) the generation of oceanic crust and (d) eruption of diffuse alkaline magmatic province (DAMP) rocks. The DAMP encompasses magmatism from the Late Cretaceous to present day that shares isotopic and trace element characteristics over a (now) widely dispersed area of the southwest Pacific. This has been ascribed to either a previously contiguous mantle lithosphere with a shared, syn-Gondwana breakup history contributing to volcanic melts or to an isotopically distinct Antarctica – Zealandia asthenospheric mantle domain. The development of the Antarctic ice sheet after 34 Ma resulted in many volcanoes recording ice interactions that reveal many new details of Antarctica’s palaeoenvironmental history. Study of the volcanic history of Antarctica helps to advance understanding of the geological history of the region, including once-conjugate continents like Zealandia.

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南极岩浆作用及其与西兰洲的关系

摘要 南极洲和西兰洲曾经是冈瓦纳大陆相邻的地块，在中生代及更早时期有着共同的岩浆历史。这在 (a) 共享的古生代和中生代冈瓦纳深成体中得以保留；(b) 与同冈瓦纳断裂有关的岩浆活动，包括费拉尔大火成岩省侏罗纪年龄的辉绿岩，以及发生在两块大陆上的具有相似同位素亲和力的火成岩侵入体，与晚白垩世南极洲从西兰洲裂谷同时期发生。通过（c）大洋地壳的生成和（d）弥漫性碱性岩浆区（DAMP）岩石的喷发，共同的岩浆历史在冈瓦纳大陆后继续破裂。DAMP 包括从晚白垩世到现在的岩浆活动，在西南太平洋（现在）广泛分布的地区具有相同的同位素和微量元素特征。这要么归因于先前连续的地幔岩石圈，其具有共同的、同冈瓦纳大陆分裂历史，导致火山融化，要么归因于同位素不同的南极洲 - 西兰洲软流圈地幔域。34 Ma 之后南极冰盖的发展导致许多火山记录了冰相互作用，揭示了南极洲古环境历史的许多新细节。对南极洲火山历史的研究有助于加深对该地区地质历史的了解，包括曾经的共轭大陆，如西兰大陆。34 Ma 之后南极冰盖的发展导致许多火山记录了冰相互作用，揭示了南极洲古环境历史的许多新细节。对南极洲火山历史的研究有助于加深对该地区地质历史的了解，包括曾经的共轭大陆，如西兰大陆。34 Ma 之后南极冰盖的发展导致许多火山记录了冰相互作用，揭示了南极洲古环境历史的许多新细节。对南极洲火山历史的研究有助于加深对该地区地质历史的了解，包括曾经的共轭大陆，如西兰大陆。